{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T23:19:40Z","timestamp":1772493580239,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    People with HIV admitted to the intensive care unit (ITU) often receive enteral nutrition via feeding tubes. Enteral feeds containing cations may interfere with dolutegravir (DTG) absorption via chelation and thus temporal spacing is recommended. This can lead to suboptimal caloric intake. We reviewed similar cases at our institution, an electronic health record and data collection, including people with HIV hospitalized in ITU with enterally administered DTG and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Six cases (four males, two females, median age 34\u2009years, median ITU admission 44.5\u00a0days, median 42.5\u00a0days on enteral nutrition) were identified with eight data points of TDM sampling. In three of eight instances, appropriate temporal spacing with enteral feeds occurred. All DTG\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    (maximum concentrations) were lower than 3340\u20133670\u2009ng\/mL, regardless of temporal separation from enteral feeds.\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>trough<\/jats:sub>\n                    (trough plasma concentrations) were also lower than 830\u20131110\u2009ng\/mL with the exception of one case. Six of eight\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>trough<\/jats:sub>\n                    were lower than the DTG minimum effective concentration (MEC) of 300\u2009ng\/mL. However, only one was below PA\u2010IC\n                    <jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub>\n                    (in vitro protein\u2010adjusted 90% maximal inhibitory concentration) for wildtype virus (64\u2009ng\/mL). Multiple factors such as delayed gastric emptying and changes in gastric pH are likely contributing to impaired drug absorption and reduced DTG concentrations in critically ill patients. The data on nutritional feed co\u2010administration demonstrate that therapeutic concentrations and virological responses can be achieved with frequent viral load (VL) monitoring and TDM. Further pharmacokinetic studies on DTG in critically ill patients are warranted to better understand the impact of this co\u2010administration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T07:11:07Z","timestamp":1755846667000},"page":"3272-3278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dolutegravir with enteral feeds in intensive care: Case series with therapeutic drug monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6591-4922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suki","family":"Leung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Temple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaser","family":"Al\u2010Shakarchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silma","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Naous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia Dalla","family":"Pria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Borja Mora","family":"Peris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2213-1103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Boffito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"},{"name":"Imperial College  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Bracchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13446"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Splitting or crushing tivicay 10, 25, and 50\u2010mg tablets or tivicay 5mg tablets for oral suspension","author":"Viiv Healthcare"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0899\u20109007(95)00015\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002\u20108223(98)00179\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Administration of tivicay via nasogastric or gastric feeding tubes","author":"Viiv Healthcare"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05739\u201011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"HIV drug interaction checker. 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