{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:54:13Z","timestamp":1791309253157,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pain is common in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and a substantial proportion develop chronic opioid use (COU). We examined the\n                      <jats:italic>persistence<\/jats:italic>\n                      of COU over time and identified factors predicting persistent use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide Danish cohort study included patients with an initial period of COU (definition: \u22653 opioid prescriptions within 12\u2009months with at least 30\u2009days between prescriptions). We examined persistent COU for 2\u2009years thereafter. Predictors for persistent COU were examined in multivariable logistic regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 6208 patients with COU, 49.6% had persistent COU in the first follow\u2010up year: 30.4% with only weak opioids, 11.7% with weak\/strong opioids and 7.5% with only strong opioids. In the second follow\u2010up year, two\u2010thirds of those with persistent COU remained chronic users.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Among 2553 patients with CD, key predictors of persistent COU in the first year of follow\u2010up were age \u226570\u2009years at disease onset (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]\u2009=\u20091.73, 95% CI: 1.22\u20132.45) and antidepressant use (aOR\u2009=\u20091.44, 95% CI: 1.18\u20131.75). Among the 3655 patients with UC, predictors included high comorbidity (aOR\u2009=\u20091.45, 95% CI: 1.05\u20132.00), age \u226570\u2009years (aOR\u2009=\u20091.41, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.82) and anxiolytic use (aOR\u2009=\u20091.38, 95% CI: 1.12\u20131.71).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After an initial period of COU, half of all patients had persistent COU after 1\u2009year, and among these two\u2010thirds still had COU after an additional year. The main predictors of persistent COU were factors related to vulnerability (advanced age and mental health conditions).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T12:50:05Z","timestamp":1761137405000},"page":"879-890","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The persistence of chronic opioid use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease\u2014A nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9514-3033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bente Mertz","family":"N\u00f8rg\u00e5rd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology Odense University Hospital  Odense Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense 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