{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:06:02Z","timestamp":1775433962380,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82030022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82030022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82330020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82330020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012228","name":"Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XMHT20220104055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMHT20220104055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Kidney stones affect approximately 10% of adults globally, with increasing prevalence and significant associated morbidity. While ibuprofen and paracetamol are widely used over\u2010the\u2010counter analgesics, their associations with kidney stone risk remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether regular use of paracetamol or ibuprofen is associated with incident kidney stones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective cohort analysis was conducted including 483\u2009692 participants from the UK Biobank without prior kidney stones. Regular use of paracetamol or ibuprofen was defined as use on most days of the week in the past 4\u2009weeks. The study outcome was incident kidney stones. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, genetic and clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During a median follow\u2010up of 13.6\u2009years, 6613 (1.4%) incident kidney stones cases were recorded. Regular paracetamol usage was significantly associated with increased stone risk (adjusted HR, 1.17, 95%CI: 1.10\u20131.23), with a stronger effect in non\u2010diabetic individuals (\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . with diabetes,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      interaction\u2009=\u20090.006). Regular ibuprofen usage showed no significant association (adjusted HR, 1.05, 95%CI: 0.98\u20131.13). Sensitivity analyses and propensity score matching supported these findings. Analysis of changes in usage showed that initiating or consistently using paracetamol was linked to significantly higher risk, while consistent ibuprofen users also showed an elevated risk.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regular paracetamol usage, but not ibuprofen usage, was associated with an increased risk of incident kidney stones. These findings suggest that caution is warranted regarding regular paracetamol usage, particularly in individuals at risk for kidney stones.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T09:47:55Z","timestamp":1764582475000},"page":"1186-1195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of regular paracetamol or ibuprofen usage with the risk of incident kidney stones"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Yiting","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziliang","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sisi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Gan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9894-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianhui","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multi\u2010organ Injury Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581\u2010021\u201000513\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581\u2010020\u20100320\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240\u2010016\u20100938\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03210312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360\u2010015\u20100028\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","article-title":"Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose","volume":"2","author":"Chiew AL","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph18071045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph3072291"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2175\u20108239\u2010JBN\u20102018\u20100107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442\u20102042.2012.03060.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2023.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2017.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0960327110391384"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, inflammation and calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis","volume":"3","author":"Khan SR","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2023.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.322112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885\u2010023\u201011767\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010018\u20100579\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201013145\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1605086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2023.101456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6863037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2023.107738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.162"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112857"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2012.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32834ac5e8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162388"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2019.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33697"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"S313","article-title":"The concise guide to pharmacology 2021\/22: enzymes","volume":"178","author":"Alexander SP","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787\u2010009\u20100016\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2022.101388"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bcp.70342","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bcp.70342","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bcp.70342","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T23:41:31Z","timestamp":1775432491000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bcp.70342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bcp.70342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bcp.70342","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0306-5251","1365-2125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0306-5251","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]}}}