{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:06:10Z","timestamp":1775433970820,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aim to identify risk factors for antibiotic\u2010induced eosinophilia in hospitalized patients receiving penicillin\/beta\u2010lactamase inhibitor therapy and to develop a machine learning\u2013enhanced predictive risk\u2010scoring model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 490 hospitalized patients treated with intravenous ampicillin\/sulbactam or piperacillin\/tazobactam. After applying eligibility criteria, 378 patients were included in the final analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for eosinophilia, which were incorporated into a clinical risk\u2010scoring system. To improve predictive accuracy, machine learning models including elastic net regression were developed and evaluated using five\u2010fold cross\u2010validation. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 378 patients, 27 (7.1%) developed eosinophilia. Nine independent risk factors were identified: aminoglycosides, arrhythmias, chlorpheniramine maleate, glycopeptides, levetiracetam, polystyrene sulfonate, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke and ursodeoxycholic acid. The risk score ranged from 0 to 8, corresponding to predicted eosinophilia probabilities of 3.3% to 93.8% (AUROC\u2009=\u20090.787). Among the machine learning approaches tested, elastic net regression achieved the highest predictive performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study proposes a clinically applicable risk\u2010scoring model for predicting eosinophilia in patients treated with penicillin\/beta\u2010lactamase inhibitors. Incorporating machine learning improved model accuracy, enabling more precise identification of high\u2010risk patients. The model supports proactive risk assessment and may inform tailored monitoring and intervention strategies in clinical settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T11:45:13Z","timestamp":1763552713000},"page":"1078-1086","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a predictive model for eosinophilia in patients treated with ampicillin\/sulbactam or piperacillin\/tazobactam"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Sohyun","family":"Moon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jimin","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Immunology Kangwon National University  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae Hun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye Su","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ki Nam","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Kangwon National University Hospital  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong Duk","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7267-6745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woorim","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Kangwon National University  Chuncheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2015.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038359"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jleuko\/qiae052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3341"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2012.4.2.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16071383"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","article-title":"A retrospective cohort study of patients with eosinophilia referred to a tertiary Centre","volume":"69","author":"Hougaard M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Danish Med J J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13096"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","volume-title":"StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls publishing copyright \u00a9 2025","author":"Peechakara BV","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Basic & clinical pharmacology","author":"Katzung BG","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparative study of Sulbactam\/ampicillin vs ampicillin\/amikacin in infections of the pediatric age group","volume":"29","author":"Lee K\u2010S","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Korean Pediatr Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/tjh.2018.0127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38985.646481.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"Institute NC.Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 Quick Reference. 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