{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T03:04:19Z","timestamp":1783911859711,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several European countries allow the use of galenic cannabis preparations as second line treatment especially for analgesia in chronic pain. Currently, there is a lack of information on the safety of cannabis use. The aim of this study is to provide data useful for improving knowledge on the cannabis safety for medical purpose.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spontaneous reports of adverse reactions (ARs) referred to medical cannabis preparations are gathered within the Italian Phytovigilance System since 2015. Diagnoses were coded through the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities. We extrapolated data from 30 November 2015 to 30 June 2024, and all clinical and pharmacological characteristics of cases were analysed. Causality assessment was performed using an evaluation scale adapted from the World Health Organization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the study period, 210 reports related to medical cannabis preparations were collected in Italy, with a peak of 24% in 2019. Most reports came from healthcare professionals, with females experiencing ARs three times more than males. The most common ARs were neurological\/psychotic issues (47.1%), gastrointestinal reactions (15.5%) and cardiovascular problems (7.4%). Serious ARs accounted for 21.2%, and concomitant drugs or conditions were often involved in ARs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data show that females experienced ARs more than males, potentially due to biological differences, prescription practices or consumption patterns. The study notes the importance of monitoring pharmacological interactions, especially with benzodiazepines, which may affect cannabis metabolism. Although spontaneous reporting systems have limitations, they provide valuable insights into the safety profile of cannabis. Further studies are needed for better prescription practices and risk management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T02:11:44Z","timestamp":1783908704000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions related to medical cannabis from the Italian Phytovigilance System"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5676-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Ippoliti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation National Institute of Health  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Menniti\u2010Ippolito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation National Institute of Health  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation National Institute of Health  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Marano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation National Institute of Health  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Da Cas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Drug Research and Evaluation National Institute of Health  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Medical Use of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: Questions and Answers for Policymaking","author":"EMCDDA\u2014European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"HallWayneEMCDDA\u2014European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction A summary of reviews of evidence on the efficacy and safety of medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids Wayne Hall Background paper commissioned by the EMCDDA for the report Medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids: questions and answers for policymaking University of Queensland 2018 https:\/\/www.emcdda.europa.eu\/system\/files\/publications\/12852\/MedicalCannabis-BackgroundPaper.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56050237"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2017.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpp.12514"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2018.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/aiht\u20102020\u201071\u20103302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana del 30.11.2015 sere generale n.219 MINISTERO DELLA SALUTE.2015.DECRETO 9 novembre 2015 Funzioni di Organismo statale per la cannabis previsto dagli articoli 23 e 28 della convenzione unica sugli stupefacenti del 1961 come modificata nel 1972. 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