{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:32:45Z","timestamp":1793179965746,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25GLP1450320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25GLP1450320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Clin Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101 RAs) semaglutide and liraglutide are approved for chronic weight management. Both drugs also have favourable effects on the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with placebo, but their comparative effectiveness for these outcomes is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed an active comparator, new user design to emulate a target trial using data from MarketScan claims databases. Enrolees free of diabetes and CVD prescribed semaglutide or liraglutide during 2021\u20132023 were matched 1:1. Primary endpoints included incident diabetes and CVD (myocardial infarction, heart failure or stroke). We used Cox regression adjusted for a propensity score reflective of comorbidities and medication use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We matched 57\u2009456 GLP\u20101 RA users (mean age 45; 83% female). Over 1\u2010year mean follow\u2010up, we observed 1104 diabetes events and 57 CVD events. After regression adjustment, semaglutide users had 12% lower risk of diabetes (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.99). For this endpoint, the proportional hazards assumption was violated (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u2009.0001), so results were stratified by follow\u2010up time. During the first 6\u00a0months of follow\u2010up, semaglutide use was not associated with risk of diabetes compared with liraglutide use (HR: 0.99 [0.82\u20131.18]), but a significant association was present thereafter (HR: 0.80 [0.68, 0.94]). We did not detect a difference in risk of CVD events (HR: 1.25 [0.74\u20132.11]).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this real\u2010world study, semaglutide users had lower risk of incident diabetes compared with liraglutide users. Additional research is needed to elucidate comparative effectiveness of these drugs for cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bcp.70711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T04:55:50Z","timestamp":1784264150000},"page":"3950-3958","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Semaglutide\n                    <i>vs<\/i>\n                    . liraglutide and incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease: A target trial emulation using real\u2010world data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1715-9152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ethan J.","family":"Cannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology &amp; Community Health University of Minnesota School of Public Health  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health UT Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine UT Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faye L.","family":"Norby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology &amp; Community Health University of Minnesota School of Public Health  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob F.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology &amp; Community Health University of Minnesota School of Public Health  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Kulasingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Tulane University Celia Weatherhead School of Public Health  New Orleans Louisiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Tulane University Celia Weatherhead School of Public Health  New Orleans Louisiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6210-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa S.","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine University of Minnesota Medical School  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel F.","family":"Farley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Care &amp; Health Systems University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela L.","family":"Lutsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology &amp; Community Health University of Minnesota School of Public Health  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392\u2010024\u201001931\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Saxenda","author":"Saxenda","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Wegovy","author":"Wegovy","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc\/159281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16600"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24\u20100491"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2307563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(17)30069\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.23619"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2019.101117"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(19)31271\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"Real\u2010world evidence.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/science-research\/science-and-research-special-topics\/real-world-evidence. 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