{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:29:37Z","timestamp":1787063377184,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,16]],"date-time":"2013-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biopharm &amp; Drug Disp"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Furosemide is a loop diuretic frequently used to treat fluid overload conditions such as hepatic cirrhosis and congestive heart failure (CHF). A population\u2010based meta\u2010analysis approach in NONMEM\u00ae was used to develop a PK model characterizing the time\u2010course of furosemide in plasma and excretion into the urine for healthy subjects and fluid overload patients. Furosemide PK data from healthy subjects receiving 80\u2009mg of oral furosemide were supplemented with additional individual and aggregate plasma concentration and urinary excretion versus time data from the literature after intravenous (i.v.) or oral furosemide administration (10\u2013500\u2009mg) to healthy subjects or fluid overload patients. A three\u2010compartment model with zero\u2010order input following i.v. administration (or first\u2010order absorption using a Weibull function after oral administration) and first\u2010order elimination best described furosemide PK. A covariate analysis identified creatinine clearance (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) as a statistically significant predictor of renal clearance (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), with a population mean\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>\n                    of 4.67, 3.11, 1.95 and 1.17\u2009l\/h for a subject with normal renal function (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009120\u2009ml\/min) or mild (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200980\u2009ml\/min), moderate (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200950\u2009ml\/min) or severe (\n                    <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200930\u2009ml\/min) renal impairment. Oral bioavailability was 59.1% and non\u2010renal clearance was 2.02\u2009l\/h. A PC\u2010VPC and other model diagnostics demonstrated that the population PK model can reasonably predict the rate of urinary furosemide excretion over time using dosing history and commonly available demographic data, allowing for convenient assessment of PK\u2010PD relationships for furosemide when given alone or in combination with other agents used to treat fluid overload conditions. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.1874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]],"date-time":"2013-10-22T10:12:40Z","timestamp":1382436760000},"page":"119-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Population\u2010based meta\u2010analysis of furosemide pharmacokinetics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Van Wart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics Latham NY USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo State University of New York Buffalo NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Shoaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development and Commercialization, Inc. Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh","family":"Mallikaarjun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development and Commercialization, Inc. Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Mager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo State University of New York Buffalo NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1976.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1980.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1982.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1997.00592.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-0987(01)00134-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600711006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00556898"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000056161"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1974156588"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00613429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199018050-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e318074f934"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1980.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1982.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1984.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198530050-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-9236(95)90222-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(96)00161-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00111-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1986.132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1991.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1979.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)00282-X","article-title":"Absorption and disposition of furosemide in healthy volunteers measured with a metabolite\u2010specific assay","volume":"8","author":"Smith DE","year":"1980","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb1978.6.684"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"645","article-title":"Comparative bio\u2010availability of four formulations of furosemide","volume":"68","author":"Meyer BH","year":"1985","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb1978.10.370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03622.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1991.tb03936.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","first-page":"692","article-title":"Probenecid inhibits the renal clearance of frusemide and its acyl glucuronide","volume":"39","author":"Vree TB","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1996.00494.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(96)90170-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1999.00015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270003254575"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.03035.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755\u20105922.2008.00058.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1988.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1987.246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-007-9066-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01068420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470087978.ch13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012299115260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928\u2010008\u20109094\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248\u2010009\u20109112\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-010-9152-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248\u2010011\u20109255\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470087978.ch15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2685844"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2005.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2916"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6017(200002)89:2<155::AID-JPS3>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774507083567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2008.01010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774508100984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780110907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/18.1.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.54.5.367"}],"container-title":["Biopharmaceutics &amp; Drug Disposition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbdd.1874","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdd.1874","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T13:50:51Z","timestamp":1746021051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdd.1874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,16]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdd.1874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdd.1874","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-2782","1099-081X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-2782","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-081X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,16]]}}}