{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T20:54:41Z","timestamp":1783371281451,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,28]],"date-time":"2019-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopharm &amp; Drug Disp"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the absorption behavior of chikusetsusaponin IVa (CHS\u2010IVa) in the rat intestine using single\u2010pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) and to classify CHS\u2010IVa into the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). The equilibrium solubility of CHS\u2010IVa was determined by the shaker method. The absorption mechanism of CHS\u2010IVa in the intestine was studied by comparing the P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of different concentrations of CHS\u2010IVa. The intestinal site dependence of CHS\u2010IVa absorption was studied by comparing the P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of the same concentration of CHS\u2010IVa in different intestinal segments. The relationship between CHS\u2010IVa and intestinal efflux protein was studied by perfusion with an efflux protein inhibitor. The permeability of CHS\u2010IVa was investigated by comparing the P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa and the reported value. The solubility of CHS\u2010IVa over the pH range 1.0\u20137.5 was 14.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.29 to 16.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.34\u00a0mg\/ml. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa in the duodenum was 1.76\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> to 2.00\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm\/min. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa in the jejunum was 1.26\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> to 1.39\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm\/min. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa in the ileum was 1.25\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> to 1.31\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm\/min. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa in the colon was 1.02\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> to 1.08\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm\/min. There was no statistical difference of the P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> in the four segments at different CHS\u2010IVa concentrations. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa (0.07, 0.7 and 7.0\u00a0mg\/ml) were all notably smaller than the reported P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> (3.00\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\u00a0cm\/min) in the jejunum. The P<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub> of CHS\u2010IVa was not influenced by verapamil (P\u2010gp inhibitor), indomethacin (MRP inhibitor) and pantoprazole (BCRP inhibitor). CHS\u2010IVa was classified as high solubility, low permeability and BCS III. The main absorptive tracts were the upper intestinal tracts and the rank order of intestinal permeability was duodenum &gt; jejunum \u2248 ileum &gt; colon. The transport mechanism of CHS\u2010IVa in all intestinal segments might be primarily passive transport. CHS\u2010IVa was not a substrate of P\u2010gp, MRP and BCRP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T11:07:08Z","timestamp":1562843228000},"page":"276-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Biopharmaceutics classification and intestinal absorption of chikusetsusaponin IVa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Wenzhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Liaocheng People's Hospital  Liaocheng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Department Liaocheng Third People's Hospital  Liaocheng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7652-3006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongfeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Liaocheng People's Hospital  Liaocheng China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016212804288"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2008.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2005.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03639040903140571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-008-9036-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp800088f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.028282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-014-9033-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016065715308"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"FDA. 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