{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:55:21Z","timestamp":1791568521664,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1A2C4002166"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1A2C4002166"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102018R1D1A1B07048150"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102018R1D1A1B07048150"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopharm &amp; Drug Disp"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eperisone is an oral muscle relaxant used to treat musculoskeletal diseases, which exhibits high pharmacokinetic (PK) variability in bioequivalence studies. The aim of this study was to characterize the PKs of eperisone following its oral administration to Korean volunteers through the conduct of a noncompartmental and population analysis. A total of 360 concentration\u2010time measurements collected on two separate occasions from 15 healthy volunteers during a bioequivalent study of eperisone 50\u00a0mg (Murex<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>) were used in the PK analysis. Noncompartmental analysis was performed using WinNonLin<jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup> and population analysis was performed using NONMEM<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. The possible influence of thirty demographic and pathophysiological characteristics on the PKs of eperisone were explored. Based on noncompartmental analysis mean eperisone elimination half\u2010life, apparent clearance (<jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>), and apparent volume of distribution were estimated to be 3.81\u00a0h, 39.24\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\u00a0l\/h\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\u00a0L, respectively. During population PK modeling a two\u2010compartment model with first\u2010order absorption rate constant (typical population <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>a<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a01.5\u00a0h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and first\u2010order elimination (typical population <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> and apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment [<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>]\u00a0=\u00a030.8\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\u00a0l\/h and 86.2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\u00a0l, respectively) best described the PKs of eperisone. Interindividual variability in <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> were estimated to be 87.9% and 130.3%, respectively and interoccasion variability in <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> were estimated to be 23.8% and 30.8%, respectively. Aspartate aminotransferase level and smoking status were identified as potential covariates that may influence the <jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> of eperisone. This is the first study to develop a disposition model for eperisone and investigate the potential influence of covariate factors on it PK variability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T21:47:02Z","timestamp":1612388822000},"page":"94-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pharmacokinetics of eperisone following oral administration in healthy Korean volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9538-0565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u2010hwan","family":"Baek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Kyungsung University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun\u2010moon","family":"Back","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey  Piscataway New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010woo","family":"Chae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Chungnam National University  Daejeon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun\u2010Sol","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Pusan National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heejun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Duksung Women's University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du Hyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Inje University  Gyeongnam Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine E.","family":"Staatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Pusan National University  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-010-9177-x"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"365","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of eperisone in patients with spastic palsy: A cross\u2010over, placebo\u2010controlled dose\u2010ranging trial","volume":"13","author":"Bresolin N.","year":"2009","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of eperisone in patients with low back pain: A double blind randomized study","volume":"12","author":"Cabitza P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"757","article-title":"Eperisone, an antispastic agent, possesses vasodilating actions on the Guinea\u2010pig basilar artery","volume":"235","author":"Fujioka M.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Effects of long\u2010term smoking on the activity and mRNA expression of CYP isozymes in rats","volume":"7","author":"He X. 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In: Spastic paralysis","volume":"57","author":"Yoshigoro N.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199936060-00004"}],"container-title":["Biopharmaceutics &amp; Drug Disposition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdd.2264","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bdd.2264","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdd.2264","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T03:23:14Z","timestamp":1693624994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdd.2264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdd.2264"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdd.2264","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0142-2782","1099-081X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0142-2782","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-081X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-10-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}