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This study aimed to investigate herb\u2013drug interactions between gliclazide and NSO in rats. Plasma concentrations of gliclazide (single oral and intravenous dose of 33 and 26.4\u00a0mg\/kg, respectively) in the presence and absence of co\u2010administration with NSO (52\u00a0mg\/kg per oral) were quantified in healthy and insulin resistant rats (n\u00a0=\u00a05 for each group). Physiological and treatment\u2010related factors were evaluated as potential influential covariates using a population pharmacokinetic modeling approach (NONMEM version 7.4). Clearance, volume of distribution and bioavailability of gliclazide were unaffected by disease state (healthy or insulin resistant). The concomitant administration of NSO resulted in higher systemic exposures of gliclazide by modulating bioavailability (29% increase) and clearance (20% decrease) of the drug. A model\u2010independent analysis highlighted that pre\u2010treatment with NSO in healthy rats was associated with a higher glucose lowering effect by up to 50% compared with that of gliclazide monotherapy, but not of insulin resistant rats. Although a similar trend in glucose reductions was not observed in insulin resistant rats, co\u2010administration of NSO improved the sensitivity to insulin of this rat population. Natural product\u2013drug interaction between gliclazide and NSO merits further evaluation of its clinical importance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T04:03:32Z","timestamp":1627617812000},"page":"359-371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effect of <i>Nigella sativa<\/i> oil on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6781-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffry","family":"Adiwidjaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung  Bandung Indonesia"},{"name":"Sydney Pharmacy School The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Sasongko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung  Bandung Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8104165"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-017-9555-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-019-00736-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2018.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2020.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i24.3675"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.JPBS_208_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.podrm.2017.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults and children: United States, 2007","volume":"12","author":"Barnes P. 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