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The loss of water and electrolytes in urine induced by torasemide was immediately replaced with infusion of an equal volume of lactated Ringer's solution. All the pharmacokinetic parameters of torasemide, such as total area under the plasma concentration\u2013time curve from time zero to time infinity (<jats:italic>AUC<\/jats:italic>), total body clearance (<jats:italic>CL<\/jats:italic>), apparent volume of distribution at steady state (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>ss<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>), terminal half\u2010life and mean residence time (<jats:italic>MRT<\/jats:italic>), were independent of infusion times. However, the 8h urine output (235, 534 and 808 ml) and 8h urinary excretion of sodium (24.2, 80.1 and 89.2 mmol) and chloride (27.1, 89.2 and 94.0 mmol) were significantly greater in treatments II and III than those in treatment I, although the total 8 h urinary excretion of unchanged torasemide (1210, 1210 and 1310 \u00b5g) were not significantly different among the three treatments. This could be due to the higher diuretic efficiencies in treatments II and III. Copyright \u00a9 2004 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,6]],"date-time":"2004-04-06T16:29:49Z","timestamp":1081268989000},"page":"211-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of intravenous infusion time on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the same total dose of torasemide in rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Yu C.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung G.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seong\u2010Hee","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01059438"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198428050-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"962","article-title":"Clinical use of loop diuretics","author":"Brater DC","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hosp Formul"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1974152141"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197006182822502"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.237.10.972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510070603"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510140307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-081X(199701)18:1<41::AID-BDD1>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199834010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199100413-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541462"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"1527","article-title":"Renal effects of the high ceiling diuretic torasemide in rats and dogs","volume":"35","author":"Ghys BA","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arzneimittelfforsch\/Drug Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"1532","article-title":"Renal effects of torasemide in rat","volume":"35","author":"Hermes BH","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arzneimittelfforsch\/Drug Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004670050796"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00111-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80207-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0731-7085(87)80029-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-081X(199710)18:7<595::AID-BDD44>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b14095"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01061772"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600690125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600680843"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01061729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01059648"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","first-page":"164","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of torasemide in man","volume":"38","author":"Neugebauer G","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arzneimittelfforsch\/Drug Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018943613122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","first-page":"75","volume-title":"Clinical Biochemical and Hematological Reference Values in Normal Experimental Animals and Normal Humans","author":"Mitruka BM","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2510150302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0640565"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-8891-7_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00802.x"}],"container-title":["Biopharmaceutics &amp; 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