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Due to their specificity, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and their fragments are promising candidates for treating renal fibrosis, but their distribution characteristics in fibrotic kidneys, particularly within the renal interstitium, remain unclear. This study investigated the tissue distribution of full\u2010length IgG and Fab fragments in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)\u2010induced renal fibrosis mouse model. Full\u2010length IgG and Fab fragments were intravenously administered in UUO\u2010induced renal fibrosis model mice. The concentrations in each organ and plasma were quantified using enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay. In addition, the localization within the renal interstitium was evaluated by multiple techniques, including intravital and ex vivo confocal imaging under near\u2010living conditions and the observation of the tissue sections via an in vivo cryotechnique. Both full\u2010length IgG and Fab fragments showed higher distribution in fibrotic kidneys than in other organs. Specifically, Fab fragments had excellent selective accumulation in the fibrotic kidneys, whereas full\u2010length IgG had higher absolute distribution due to slower plasma elimination. Imaging assessments revealed that both had widespread localization within the interstitial spaces of the fibrotic kidneys. Due to their superior selectivity for fibrotic kidneys, Fab fragments can be used to target fibrotic lesions. Due to its prolonged distribution, full\u2010length IgG may offer advantages in sustained therapeutic effects. This study provides foundational insights into the distribution of mAbs and their fragments in fibrotic kidneys and underscores the importance of further pharmacokinetic analyses to refine antibody\u2010based therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T10:07:31Z","timestamp":1745057251000},"page":"82-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Renal Interstitial Distribution of Full\u2010Length IgG and Fab Fragments in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction\u2010Induced Fibrotic Kidneys"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9539-5251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Clinical Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science Hokkaido University of Science  Sapporo 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