{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:31:59Z","timestamp":1786977119602,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP100200507"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP100200507"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dr. Bell: Bob and Nancy Edwards Scholarship, University of Sydney","award":["1087062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1087062"]}]},{"name":"Prof Bower: NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship","award":["#634341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#634341"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#1067066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1067066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>School absence is associated with lower performance on standardized tests. Children born with orofacial clefts (OFC) are likely to have more absence than children without OFC; however, school absence for children with OFC has not been quantified. We aimed to describe school absence and its relationship with school performance for children with and without OFC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Population\u2010based record\u2010linked cohort study of children (402 with OFC, 1789 without OFC) enrolled in schools in Western Australia, 2008 to 2012. We compared median school absence rates using Wilcoxon rank tests, and investigated the impact of school absence on standardized scores from reading, numeracy, and writing tests, using multivariable models fitted by generalized estimating equations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Semester 1, at each primary school year level, children without OFC and children with cleft lip only or cleft palate only had similar median absence rates (approximately 1 week). Children with cleft lip and palate had significantly higher absence rates in Years 4 to 6 (between 1 and 2 weeks). During secondary school, median absence rates were higher (2 weeks) for all children, but not statistically different between children with and without OFC. Higher absence was significantly associated with lower standardized reading, numeracy, and writing scores. However, having a cleft of any type had little influence on the association between absence and test scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>School absence affected school performance for all children. Absence did not differentially disadvantage children born with OFC, suggesting current practices to identify and support children with OFC are minimizing effects of their absence on school performance. Birth Defects Research 109:1048\u20131056, 2017. \u00a9 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T06:26:39Z","timestamp":1496298399000},"page":"1048-1056","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["School absence and its effect on school performance for children born with orofacial clefts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6940-6517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Raynes\u2010Greenow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Community Medicine University of New South Wales New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Bower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research University of Western Australia  Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Dodson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WA Education Department, East Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Hancock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research University of Western Australia  Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Socio\u2010Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2006. ABS Catalogue No. 2039.0","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"NAPLAN Achievement in Reading, Writing, Language Conventions and Numeracy: National Report for 2008","author":"Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"ARIA and accessibility","author":"Australian Population and Migration Research Centre","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Missing School\u2013Part 1: school connection for seriously sick kids: who are they?","author":"Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY)","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.13024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","volume-title":"The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children Annual Statistical Report 2012. Chap 5. Is it OK to be away? 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