{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T15:45:46Z","timestamp":1762875946973,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Internacional del Ecuador"},{"name":"Operaci\u00f3n Sonrisa Ecuador"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have reported an association between maternal zinc deficiency and increased risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL\/P) in offspring. A high prevalence of zinc deficiency and a high prevalence of NSCL\/P have been reported in Ecuador. We postulated that mothers of infants with NSCL\/P may have lower serum zinc levels than women from the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case series study was conducted from November 2013 to July 2016. Thirty\u2010five healthy mothers of infants with NSCL\/P were selected during surgical missions conducted by Operaci\u00f3n Sonrisa Ecuador. A single blood sample along with pertinent medical history was collected during personal interviews after 3.6 months postpartum. The prevalence of plasma zinc concentration (PZn) deficiency among the participants was determined and analyzed along with the prevalence of PZn deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age from the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean PZn was 11.47 \u00b5mol\/dm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. The prevalence of PZn deficiency among the participants was 31.4% (95% CI: 17.1\u201348.6) and differed significantly from the prevalence of zinc deficiency observed among women from the general population (<jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20098.66;<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that the prevalence of PZn deficiency is lower in a cohort of healthy mothers of infants with NSCL\/P than in women from the general population in Ecuador. More studies are required to confirm these findings and evaluate other factors related to NSCL\/P pathophysiology in the Ecuadorian population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T05:37:17Z","timestamp":1515562637000},"page":"495-501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Plasma zinc levels in Ecuadorian mothers of infants with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate: A case series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5072-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Jara\u2010Palacios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ang\u00e9lica Carolina","family":"Cornejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila","family":"Narv\u00e1ez\u2010Caicedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Moreano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karla Patricia","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operaci\u00f3n Sonrisa Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Moreno\u2010Izquierdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Romero\u2010Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, de la Salud y de la Vida Universidad Internacional del Ecuador Quito Ecuador"},{"name":"Grups de Recerca d'Am\u00e8rica i \u00c0frica Llatines\u2010 GRAAL Barcelona Espa\u00f1a"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5402\/2013\/348465","article-title":"Orofacial clefts: A worldwide review of the problem","volume":"2013","author":"Agbenorku P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Plastic Surgery"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","DOI":"10.3329\/jhpn.v31i2.16378"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2008.149"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(99)00314-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2933"},{"unstructured":"Freire W. B. Ram\u00edrez M. J. Belmont P. Mendieta M. J. Silva M. K. Romero N. \u2026Monge R.(2013).Resumen Ejecutivo. Tomo 1. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrici\u00f3n del Ecuador(Vol.). Quito Ecuador: Ministerio de Salud Publica\/Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Censos. 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(2011).Normas protocolos y conserjer\u00eda para la suplementaci\u00f3n con micronutrientes. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www1.paho.org\/nutricionydesarrollo\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/Normas-Protocolos-y-Consejeria-para-la-Suplementacion-con-Micronutrientes-Ecuador.pdf","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60695-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20516"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.9.2251"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32076"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"Zinc in plasma and breast milk in adolescents and adults in pregnancy and pospartum: A cohort study in Uruguay","volume":"28","author":"Severi C.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutricion Hospitalaria"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000208348.30012.35"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195139068.003.0001","volume-title":"Cleft lip and palate: From origin to treatment","author":"Sperber G. 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