{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:44:57Z","timestamp":1790516697187,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several studies have reported an association between maternal hypertensive disorders and hypospadias in offspring; however there is still debate on the role of maternal hypertension and preeclampsia on this relatively common congenital malformation. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between these frequent maternal conditions and hypospadias in offspring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen articles meeting the eligibility criteria were identified in our search and included in the analysis. A meta\u2010analysis was conducted and pooled odds ratio (OR) estimates were calculated separately for hypertension and preeclampsia using meta\u2010analysis. We also conducted several secondary analyses, including (a) studies conducted before versus after January 1, 1998; (b) studies in United States versus other countries; and (c) studies that accounted for \u22653 versus fewer or no potential confounders, among others.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant positive associations were observed between hypertension and hypospadias (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.46\u20131.93), as well as preeclampsia and hypospadias (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.63\u20132.91). The direction and magnitude of effect was comparable for the majority of secondary analyses conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results indicate that maternal hypertensive disorders are positively associated with hypospadias in offspring. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms involved, and to ultimately develop public health strategies geared toward prevention of hypospadias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,9]],"date-time":"2018-11-09T01:30:15Z","timestamp":1541727015000},"page":"9-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Maternal hypertension and hypospadias in offspring: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Fatima R.","family":"Sheriff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0978-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip J.","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Jorgez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas"},{"name":"Center for Reproductive Medicine Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5874-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.J.","family":"Agopian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20805"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10791"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2004.00473.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2009.08772.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.1999.0522"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20415"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2006.096"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2003.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-4053-4-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.980808"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-015-1182-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsm098"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000181631.31713.b6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2008.12.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"Wells G. 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