{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T16:53:37Z","timestamp":1788281617556,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01HD093660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01HD093660"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to investigate associations between maternal\/infant characteristics and isolated craniosynostosis as well as its subtypes sagittal, metopic, and coronal synostosis, and assess trends in the prevalence of these conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified cases in the Texas Birth Defects Registry from 1999 to 2014. We used Poisson regression to identify associations between maternal\/infant characteristics and craniosynostosis. We used joinpoint regression and unadjusted Poisson regression to evaluate temporal trends. Finally, we computed adjusted Poisson models to evaluate whether temporal trends were evident after accounting for changes in the population distributions of maternal\/infant characteristics over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relative to all live births in the general population, cases were more frequently male or preterm. Mothers of cases were more frequently non\u2010Hispanic white and more frequently obese. Non\u2010Hispanic black or Hispanic maternal race\/ethnicity was associated with a lower prevalence of all craniosynostosis subtypes. Previous live births were associated with sagittal synostosis; residence on the U.S.\u2010Mexico border was associated with sagittal and coronal synostosis. The prevalence of any isolated craniosynostosis increased (average annual percent change estimated from joinpoint regression [AAPC]: 2.9%), as did the prevalences of sagittal (AAPC: 3.3%) and metopic synostosis (AAPC: 5.4%). In crude Poisson models, the same temporal trends were observed, however these were attenuated after adjusting for maternal\/infant characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence of isolated craniosynostosis increased from 1999 to 2014. The largest AAPC was observed for metopic synostosis. Changes in the population distribution of associated maternal\/infant characteristics may explain these trends.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]],"date-time":"2020-10-22T17:38:50Z","timestamp":1603388330000},"page":"43-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Risk factors and time trends for isolated craniosynostosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6674-9562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy M","family":"Schraw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Woodhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6765-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter H","family":"Langlois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Department of State Health Services Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch  Austin Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A","family":"Canfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Department of State Health Services Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9025-3276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela E","family":"Scheuerle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5874-4155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.J.","family":"Agopian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6406-4247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata H","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0978-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip J","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110606472"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002532","article-title":"Metopic craniosynostosis: A demographic analysis outside an urban environment","volume":"27","author":"Bennett K. 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