{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T16:35:09Z","timestamp":1757781309904,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000912","name":"March of Dimes Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1U38OT000199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U38OT000199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare academic proficiency among children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) versus controls and identify predictors of academic performance among children with CDH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born with CDH in Arkansas, 2000\u20132005, were identified from the Arkansas Reproductive Health Monitoring System. For each case, two controls were selected from birth certificate data and matched for hospital and month of birth, sex, and race\/ethnicity. Data on re\u2010hospitalization within the first 5\u2009years and payer data were collected from the Arkansas Hospital Inpatient Discharge database. Surviving cases and controls were linked to the Arkansas Department of Education database. Primary outcomes were odds of proficiency on fourth grade literacy and mathematics achievement tests. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated the association between study characteristics and academic proficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final study cohort included 25 surviving CDH cases and 31 controls who were linked to their education data. After adjusting for differences in characteristics (5\u2010min Apgar score and associated congenital anomalies) between cases and controls, there were no statistically significant differences in literacy (72% vs. 84%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.93) or mathematics (64% vs. 81%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.98) test proficiency between the two groups. In multivariable analyses, among CDH cases, oxygen at discharge and Medicaid payer\/longer hospital stay were associated with worse fourth grade literacy and mathematics proficiency, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxygen at discharge, Medicaid payer, and longer hospital stay were associated with lower academic performance among CDH cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,19]],"date-time":"2022-10-19T16:32:02Z","timestamp":1666197122000},"page":"96-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["School age educational outcomes of infants born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7083-4006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa R.","family":"Walden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Neonatal\u2010Perinatal Medicine), Arkansas Children's Hospital University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8318-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy N.","family":"Nembhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Neonatal\u2010Perinatal Medicine), Arkansas Children's Hospital University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Fay W. Boozman College of Public Heath, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"},{"name":"Arkansas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2579-7146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chary","family":"Akmyradov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arkansas Research Institute Arkansas Children's Hospital  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8369-2326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony","family":"Goudie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Management, Fay W. 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