{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T18:39:18Z","timestamp":1789151958325,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007797","name":"Helsingin Yliopisto","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008376","name":"Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiiri","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008376","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Suomen L\u00e4\u00e4ketieteen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher maternal body mass index (BMI) and abnormal glucose metabolism during early pregnancy are associated with congenital heart defects in the offspring, but the exact mechanisms are unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the association between maternal first trimester metabolic profile and transposition of the great arteries (TGA) in the offspring in a matched case\u2013control study with 100 TGA mothers and 200 controls born in Finland during 2004\u20132014. Cases and controls were matched by birth year, child sex, and maternal age and BMI. Serum samples collected between 10\u2010 and 14\u2010weeks of gestation were analyzed for 73 metabolic measures. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the risk for TGA in the offspring, and a subgroup analysis among mothers with high BMI was conducted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher concentrations of four subtypes of extremely large very\u2010low\u2010density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and one of large VLDL particles were observed in TGA mothers. This finding did not reach statistical significance after multiple testing correction. The pooled odds ratio (OR) of the all metabolic variables was slightly higher in TGA mothers in the subgroup with maternal BMI over 25 (OR 1.25) and significantly higher in the subgroup with maternal BMI over 30 (OR 1.95) compared to the original population (OR 1.18).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate that an abnormal maternal early pregnancy metabolic profile might be associated with TGA in the offspring, especially in obese mothers. A trend indicating altered VLDL subtype composition in TGA pregnancies warrants further research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T11:35:23Z","timestamp":1671708923000},"page":"517-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Maternal first trimester metabolic profile in pregnancies with transposition of the great arteries"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Johanna","family":"Huida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiina","family":"Ojala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Research Center, New Children's Hospital University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Ilvesvuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helj\u00e4\u2010Marja","family":"Surcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu  Oulu Finland"},{"name":"Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland  Oulu Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Priest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tenaya Therapeutics  South San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmi","family":"Helle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","article-title":"Abstract 18807: Novel protein glycan derived biomarker is associated with incident diabetes","volume":"128","author":"Akinkuolie A. 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