{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T01:13:23Z","timestamp":1785028403120,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020627","name":"Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in autistic patients. As exercise is useful in the treatment of medical conditions, this study aimed to identify the effect of low\u2010intensity endurance exercise (LIEE) and moderate\u2010intensity endurance exercise (MIEE) on cardiovascular events in autistic rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Valproic acid (VPA) was administrated once on gestational day 12.5 to pregnant rats to produce autism\u2010like symptoms in offspring. Thirty\u2010day\u2010old offspring were divided into 12 groups: Male\u2010CTL, Male\u2010VPA, Male\u2010CTL\u2009+\u2009LIEE, Male\u2010CTL\u2009+\u2009MIEE, Male\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009LIEE, Male\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009MIEE, Female\u2010CTL, Female\u2010VPA, Female\u2010CTL\u2009+\u2009LIEE, Female\u2010CTL\u2009+\u2009MIEE, Female\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009LIEE, and Female\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009MIEE. LIEE and MIEE were performed 5\u2009days a week for 30\u2009days. Twenty\u2010four hours after the last exercise session, electrocardiogram and hemodynamic and cardiac function indices were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicated that +dp\/dt max and contractility index (CI) decreased in the Female\u2010VPA group compared to the Female\u2010CTL group. LIEE increased these parameters in the Female\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009LIEE group. However, MIEE normalized CI in the Male\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009MIEE compared to the Male\u2010VPA group. Tau increased in the Female\u2010VPA group compared to the Female\u2010CTL group and it decreased in the Female\u2010VPA\u2009+\u2009MIEE group compared to the Female\u2010VPA group. LIEE and MIEE recovered the reduction of heart rate and the increase in P, R, and T amplitudes in Male\u2010VPA group. LIEE and MIEE increased heart rate variability in the Male\u2010VPA and Female\u2010VPA groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings showed that LIEE and MIEE alleviated cardiac dysfunction and disturbances in heart rhythm in the autistic offspring. Exercise may be recommended as a routine program for autistic patients to prevent and treat the harmful cardiovascular consequences of autism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T09:14:58Z","timestamp":1690794898000},"page":"1486-1499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sex\u2010related beneficial effects of exercise on cardiac function and rhythm in autistic rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Hamideh","family":"Bashiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7879-9938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzaneh","family":"Rostamzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazanin","family":"Sabet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical School Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Moslemizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Amin","family":"Rajizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Department of Pathology Kerman University of Medical Science  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31661\/gmj.v11i.1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2018.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. 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