{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T22:43:28Z","timestamp":1788821008951,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006808","name":"University of North Carolina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DD001231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DD001231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006808","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastroschisis prevalence more than doubled between 1995 and 2012. While there are individual\u2010level risk factors (e.g., young maternal age, low body mass index), the impact of environmental exposures is not well understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Quality Index (EQI) as a county\u2010level estimate of cumulative environmental exposures for five domains (air, water, land, sociodemographic, and built) and overall from 2006 to 2010. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated from logistic regression models between EQI tertiles (better environmental quality (reference); mid; poorer) and gastroschisis in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study from births delivered between 2006 and 2011. Our analysis included 594 cases with gastroschisis and 4105 infants without a birth defect (controls).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall EQI was modestly associated with gastroschisis (aOR [95% CI]: 1.29 [0.98, 1.71]) for maternal residence in counties with poorer environmental quality, compared to the reference (better environmental quality). Within domain\u2010specific indices, only the sociodemographic domain (aOR: 1.51 [0.99, 2.29]) was modestly associated with gastroschisis, when comparing poorer to better environmental quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Future work could elucidate pathway(s) by which components of the sociodemographic domain or possibly related psychosocial factors like chronic stress potentially contribute to risk of gastroschisis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T13:32:23Z","timestamp":1695994343000},"page":"1758-1769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is gastroschisis associated with county\u2010level socio\u2010environmental quality during pregnancy?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1916-5310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison K.","family":"Krajewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health &amp; Environmental Assessment  Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Achal","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine L.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute  Durham North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynne C.","family":"Messer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OHSU\u2010PSU School of Public Health  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinna Y.","family":"Keeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6765-4963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter H.","family":"Langlois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health\u2014Austin Regional Campus  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennita","family":"Reefhuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne M.","family":"Gilboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Division of Birth Defects and Infant Disorders  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha M.","family":"Werler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Boston University, School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzan L.","family":"Carmichael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8318-4049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy N.","family":"Nembhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tabassum Z.","family":"Insaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York State Department of Health Center for Environmental Health, Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology  Albany New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University at Albany  Albany New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9171-7848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia L.","family":"Feldkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin M.","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology The University of Iowa, College of Public Health  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danelle T.","family":"Lobdell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health &amp; Environmental Assessment  Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania A.","family":"Desrosiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"The National Birth Defects Prevention Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-012-1196-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-318412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17269\/cjph.107.5084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kww121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2003.00498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30181"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2021.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2009.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.4109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30709"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6502a2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh051"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2013.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1788"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12800"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2009.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302804"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2008.10.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1589"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-13-39"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm277"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10105178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1880"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-018-0306-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2020.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-015-0038-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.soc.25.1.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-018-4224-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00990.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096\u20109926(199606)54:2<84::AID\u2010TERA4>3.0.CO;2\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","unstructured":"United States Department of Agricultures (USDA). (2019).Rural\u2010Urban Continuum Codes.https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/data-products\/rural-urban-continuum-codes\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","volume-title":"Environmental dataset gateway download locations","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","unstructured":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). (2020b).Environmental quality index 2006\u20132010 Technical Report."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","unstructured":"United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). (2020c).Environmental dataset gateway download locations. EQI. [Dataset].https:\/\/edg.epa.gov\/data\/Public\/ORD\/NHEERL\/EQI"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.88.11.1674"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420450407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23375"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.2250","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T07:05:53Z","timestamp":1698908753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdr2.2250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdr2.2250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.2250","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-1727","2472-1727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-1727","type":"print"},{"value":"2472-1727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}