{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T21:55:21Z","timestamp":1777586121525,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>As many as one in four pregnant women may experience sleep\u2010disordered breathing (SDB) during pregnancy. The same sequelae of SDB, such as insulin resistance and inflammation, have been implicated in the development of certain birth defects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a secondary analysis of the SDB substudy of the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers\u2010to\u2010Be study, which included 2106 participants who had a sufficiency sleep study at two visits at different time points in pregnancy. SDB was based on a self\u2010administered home sleep apnea test with data scored by trained, blinded research polysomnologists. SDB was defined as an apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI) \u22655. The primary outcome of this analysis was any of the 45 non\u2010chromosomal birth defects included in the National Birth Defects Prevention Network Annual Report.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort, the overall rate of birth defects was 3.1%. The prevalence was similar between those without SDB (3.0%) and those with only mid\u2010pregnancy SDB (3.4%), but was higher in those with early\u2010pregnancy SDB (6.7%). After adjusting for maternal age, chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes, and body mass index (BMI), there were no statistically significant differences in the risk of birth defects by subject SDB status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Further studies to evaluate the effect of prepregnancy and early\u2010pregnancy SDB on the fetus, as well as the risk of specific birth defects and neonatal outcomes in those with an objectively measured diagnosis of SDB, are still needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T09:25:08Z","timestamp":1699262708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk of birth defects in pregnant persons with sleep\u2010disordered breathing during pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Pressman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony M.","family":"Kendle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0348-6766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tara M.","family":"Randis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keyur","family":"Donda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0077-6023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason L.","family":"Salemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"},{"name":"College of Public Health, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judette M.","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"},{"name":"College of Public Health, University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the NICHD nuMoM2b and NHLBI nuMoM2b Sleep substudy Networks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jp277775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2115-0147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0500"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aog.0000000000001805"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-2600(15)00043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.11.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13458"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479973120928103"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7404082"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8869"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1430"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN). 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