{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T14:07:47Z","timestamp":1779372467606,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01MD018577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01MD018577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Few studies of congenital anomalies provide prevalence estimates stratified by maternal race\/ethnicity. We sought to determine whether the prevalence of a broad spectrum of anomalies varies among offspring of women from different race\/ethnic groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We obtained information on cases with anomalies from the population\u2010based Texas Birth Defects Registry, and denominator data on livebirths among Texas residents during 1999\u20132018 from the Texas Center for Health Statistics. We estimated the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009145 anomalies among offspring of Hispanic and non\u2010Hispanic Black relative to non\u2010Hispanic White women using Poisson regression, adjusting for maternal age, education, body mass index, and previous livebirths. We performed a two\u2010stage analysis with a Bonferroni\u2010adjusted <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20091.7\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup> in the initial screening phase to identify anomalies with statistically significant variation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 7,698,768 livebirths and 1,187,385 anomalies diagnosed in 368,393 cases. The prevalence of any monitored congenital anomaly was similar among offspring of non\u2010Hispanic White (referent), non\u2010Hispanic Black (PR 0.98, CI 0.96\u20131.00), and Hispanic (PR 0.95, CI 0.93\u20130.96) women. We observed statistically significant racial\/ethnic variation for 42 anomalies. Marked differences were observed when comparing offspring of non\u2010Hispanic Black to non\u2010Hispanic White women with respect to polydactyly (PR 4.38, CI 4.07\u20134.72), pyloric stenosis (PR 0.34, CI 0.29\u20130.40), and aortic valve atresia\/stenosis (PR 0.51, CI 0.36\u20130.72).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Birth prevalence of many major congenital anomalies varies by maternal race and ethnicity. While the reasons for these differences are likely multifactorial, a thorough understanding of racial and ethnic disparities is useful to stimulate etiologic research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T13:05:45Z","timestamp":1701176745000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of congenital anomalies according to maternal race and ethnicity, Texas, 1999\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6674-9562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy M.","family":"Schraw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elwin","family":"Jaime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2884-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles J.","family":"Shumate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch Texas Department of State Health Services  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Canfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences University of Texas School of Public Health  Austin Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0978-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip J.","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-00766-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.10.864"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20294"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302098"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20012"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Update on overall prevalence of major birth defects\u2014Atlanta, Georgia, 1978\u20132005","volume":"57","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2008","journal-title":"MMWR. 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