{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:00:25Z","timestamp":1792267225071,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nanoplastics can be considered a novel contaminant for the environment because of their extensive applications in modern society, which represents a possible threat to humans. Nevertheless, the negative effect of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS\u2010NPs) on male reproduction, fertility, and progeny outcomes is not well known. Thus, the aim of the present work was to calculate the median lethal dose (LD50) and investigate the consequences of exposure to PS\u2010NPs (25\u2009nm) on male reproductive toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This investigation first determined the LD50 of PS\u2010NPs in male Wistar rats, and then in a formal study, 24 rats were distributed into three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098): the control group; the low\u2010dose group (3\u2009mg\/kg bw); and the high\u2010dose group (10\u2009mg\/kg bw) of PS\u2010NPs administered orally for 60\u2009days. On the 50\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0day of administration, the fertility test was conducted.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The LD50 was determined to be 2500\u2009mg\/kg. PS\u2010NP administration induced significant alternations, mainly indicating mortality in the high\u2010dose group, a significant elevation in body weight gain, declined sperm quality parameters, altered reproductive hormonal levels, thyroid endocrine disruption, an alternation of the normal histo\u2010architecture and the histo\u2010morphometric analysis of the testes, and impaired male fertility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, the current findings provide novel perspectives on PS\u2010NP general toxicity with specific reference to male reproductive toxicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T06:36:15Z","timestamp":1718346975000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Oral exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics altered the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013testicular axis role in hormonal regulation, inducing reproductive toxicity in albino rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4699-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marwa M.","family":"Ebrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai H.","family":"El\u2010Dakdoky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara Hatem","family":"El\u2010Shafiey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amany S.","family":"Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoology Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ENVPOL.2020.114158"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9TX00147F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.MARENVRES.2016.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/HUMREP\/DEG199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b01090"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.WROA.2023.100169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.SCITOTENV.2016.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12989-022-00473-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PBIO.3000411"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12917-020-02451-Y\/TABLES\/2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ECOENV.2022.113966"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.FCT.2017.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/SCIADV.1700782"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"187","volume-title":"Fundamentals of experimental pharmacology","author":"Ghosh M. 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