{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T07:56:44Z","timestamp":1767859004567,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004621","name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["96001027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["96001027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the fastest\u2010growing child neuropsychiatric condition. Cognitive dysfunctions such as memory impairments are experienced by patients along with social disturbances and repetitive\/stereotypic movements. We have used the radial arm maze (RAM), for measurement of working and reference memory errors in an animal model of autism. In addition, the potential effects of agmatine, an endogenous NMDA antagonist, on RAM performance and autistic\u2010like behaviors were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autism was modeled by valproic acid (VPA) administration at gestational Day 12.5. Autism\u2010associated behaviors in male offspring were examined in an open field test (OFT) and three\u2010chambered test (TCT) on postnatal days 50\u201351. Thereafter, the animals were trained in the RAM (PND 55) until they attained the criteria of 80% correct choices during five consecutive trials. Forty\u2010eight hours after the acquisition of criteria, agmatine was injected 30\u2009min before subsequent behavioral testing, which included the retention phase of the RAM, OFT, and TCT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>VPA\u2010treated and intact rats showed the same performance in RAM, and acute injection of agmatine rescued social and anxiety\u2010like behavior induced by VPA without the effect on RAM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a rat model of autism, spatial learning, and memory did not change. Agmatine rescued social and anxiety\u2010like behavior in autistic animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T13:00:08Z","timestamp":1720011608000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of agmatine on radial\u2010arm maze memory performance and autistic\u2010like behaviors in a male rat model of autism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Parvan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Nozari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman 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