{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T13:27:18Z","timestamp":1777987638301,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), an industrially synthesized persistent organic pollutant (POP), is intricately intertwined with human production and daily life. It has been discovered that PFOS is related to an elevated incidence of birth defects in fetuses. In contrast, melatonin (MLT), a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, has been demonstrated to exert a protective effect on reproductive development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper investigates the protective effect of MLT against PFOS\u2010induced reproductive toxicity by simultaneously orally administering MLT to pregnant mice exposed to PFOS. The therapeutic effect was evaluated through the monitoring of pregnancy outcomes, histological changes in the placenta, apoptosis and proliferation of placental spongiotrophoblast, as well as the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes, anti\u2010aging genes, anti\u2010inflammatory genes and other relevant genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the study demonstrated that MLT treatment reversed the adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by toxic PFOS, including a low number of implanted fetuses, low neonatal fetal weight, and an increased number of resorbed fetuses. MLT treatment decreased the levels of MDA, an oxidation product generated by PFOS in the placenta of pregnant mice, and increased the levels of the antioxidant enzyme SOD. Additionally, MLT was able to maintain the normalization of placental structure, reduce apoptosis and sustain the proliferation of placental spongiotrophoblast by upregulating the expression of antioxidant genes (Nrf2, CAT) and anti\u2010aging gene (Klotho), anti\u2010inflammatory gene (Hsd11b2), thereby counteracting the oxidative stress caused by PFOS in the placenta, moreover, it also reduced the expression of inflammatory genes (Pycard) in the placenta.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings firmly establish the effectiveness of MLT in mitigating the harmful impacts of tainted PFOS on reproductive development during pregnancy. This provides a novel therapeutic approach for addressing PFOS\u2010induced birth defects in fetuses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]],"date-time":"2024-12-12T10:42:29Z","timestamp":1734000149000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Melatonin Attenuates <scp>PFOS<\/scp>\u2010Induced Reproductive Toxicity of Pregnant Mice due to Placental Damage Via Antioxidant, Anti\u2010Aging and Anti\u2010Inflammatory Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Jianqiu","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Ecological Technology and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhikai","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Ecological Technology and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yalei","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tengfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongmei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2478-2735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Honghui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neurogenetics Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6207-5740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueyun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioab223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571\u2010023\u201001324\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419\u2010023\u201005594\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152565"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010023\u201026850\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/ftox.2021.732436"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9090780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13417"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8032797"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.08.062"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.11.565"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2021.153028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox8030072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2021.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2017.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12591"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.106052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2020.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b01608"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2018.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12267"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00616"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2022.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.140948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12520"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.106099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.118485"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420\u2010017\u20101267\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.28703"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.12.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c06569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.113984"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105\u2010023\u201000945\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112807"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13008\u2010024\u201000120\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22795"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000492504"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.101854"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.2423","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,28]],"date-time":"2024-12-28T04:07:52Z","timestamp":1735358872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdr2.2423"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdr2.2423"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.2423","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-1727","2472-1727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-1727","type":"print"},{"value":"2472-1727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e2423"}}