{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T22:53:35Z","timestamp":1767135215907,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipopolysaccharides or endotoxins trigger proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide release, whereas \u03b1\u2010tocopherol protects cells from oxidative damage. This study investigated the effects of maternal lipopolysaccharide exposure on prenatal testicular development in male rat offspring and assessed \u03b1\u2010tocopherol's protective role.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty pregnant female rats were divided into three groups. Group I (control) was divided into two subgroups: Group Ia (negativecontrol; receiving normal saline) and Group Ib (positive control; receiving 30 mg\/kg of \u03b1\u2010tocopherol intraperitoneally from the 3rd to18th gestational day). Group II received 50\u2009mg\/kg of lipopolysaccharides intraperitoneally from the 13th to 17th gestational day, whereas Group III received both \u03b1\u2010tocopherol and lipopolysaccharides at the same dosages. On the seventh day postpartum, fetuses were weighed, sexed, and dissected; sera from male fetuses were collected for biochemical analysis, and fetal testes were used for histology, immunohistochemistry, and morphometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rats treated with lipopolysaccharide showed reduced body weight, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone levels, with histopathological changes, including thickened testicular capsules and abnormalities in the number, size, shape, and cellular components of seminiferous tubules. These adverse effects were improved by \u03b1\u2010tocopherol supplementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We concluded that lipopolysaccharide exposure during pregnancy impairs testicular development and steroidogenesis, which are ameliorated by \u03b1\u2010tocopherol coadministration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T09:50:46Z","timestamp":1746179446000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Does Maternal Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Impact Prenatal Testicular Development in Rats, and Could \u03b1\u2010Tocopherol Provide a Protective Effect? A Histological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-3317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimaa Antar","family":"Fareed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Embryology, Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University  Ismailia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0889-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heba El\u2010Sayed","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Al\u2010Rayan National College of Medicine  Al Medina Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine &amp; Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University  Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousif Mohamed","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University  Ismailia 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