{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T08:04:36Z","timestamp":1753862676228,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) vaccines first became available, pregnancy and lactation data were lacking. This void was often filled by misinformation. Even as data about pregnancy outcomes following COVID\u201019 vaccination began to emerge, the public was often unsure how to interpret the information, and many pregnant women remained unclear on whether to get vaccinated. MotherToBaby and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) quickly partnered to direct the public to MotherToBaby, a nationwide teratogen information service, for free and confidential discussions about COVID\u201019 vaccines in pregnancy and lactation. This paper describes the partnership between MotherToBaby and CDC and the resulting COVID\u201019 vaccine inquiries received.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aggregate, deidentified data were extracted from a centralized database utilized by MotherToBaby to capture information about exposure inquiries. The data include exposure topics, caller characteristics, and specific questions about COVID\u201019 vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between March 1, 2021 and February 28, 2023, MotherToBaby answered 11,064 questions about COVID\u201019 vaccines. Most (68.5%) were related to vaccine safety, with common safety\u2010related themes including perceived haste in vaccine development, hesitancy about mRNA technology, and concerns about infertility, miscarriage, and long\u2010term effects on the child. Lessons learned include the essential role of partnerships to educate the public during emergencies, the importance of building staff capacity during nonemergency times, and the need for one\u2010on\u2010one conversations to counter vaccine misinformation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the COVID\u201019 pandemic, MotherToBaby met a critical need by providing individualized, evidence\u2010based information to the public. During future public health emergencies, teratogen information services are uniquely suited to provide unbiased information about the risks and benefits of vaccines and other exposures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T05:20:46Z","timestamp":1745472046000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>MotherToBaby<\/scp> and <scp>CDC<\/scp>: Partnering to Provide a Rapid and Personalized Response to <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019 Vaccine Inquiries During Pregnancy and Lactation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5446-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirstie","family":"Perrotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MotherToBaby California University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9838-7818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorrie","family":"Harris\u2010Sagaribay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MotherToBaby North Carolina University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Asheville North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2167-8921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gretchen","family":"Bandoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2021.\u201cCOVID\u201019 Vaccination for People Who are Pregnant or Breastfeeding.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/covid\/vaccines\/pregnant\u2010or\u2010breastfeeding.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1787"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000538346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"MotherToBaby.2024.\u201cIn Your Area.\u201dhttps:\/\/mothertobaby.org\/affiliates\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semperi.2025.152025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1780846"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/37367"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.2020.\u201cFDA Takes Key Action in Fight Against COVID\u201019 by Issuing Emergency Use Authorization for First COVID\u201019 Vaccine.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news\u2010events\/press\u2010announcements\/fda\u2010takes\u2010key\u2010action\u2010fight\u2010against\u2010covid\u201019\u2010issuing\u2010emergency\u2010use\u2010authorization\u2010first\u2010covid\u201019."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.2021.\u201cFDA Issues Emergency Use Authorization for Third COVID\u201019 Vaccine.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news\u2010events\/press\u2010announcements\/fda\u2010issues\u2010emergency\u2010use\u2010authorization\u2010third\u2010covid\u201019\u2010vaccine."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration.2024.\u201cDivision of Pediatrics and Maternal Health\u2013Clinical Trials in Pregnant Individuals.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/development\u2010resources\/division\u2010pediatrics\u2010and\u2010maternal\u2010health\u2010clinical\u2010trials\u2010pregnant\u2010individuals."}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.2477","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T10:04:44Z","timestamp":1745489084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdr2.2477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdr2.2477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.2477","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-1727","2472-1727"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2472-1727"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2472-1727"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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