{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:03:43Z","timestamp":1784300623795,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03HD110803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03HD110803"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOA DD09\u2010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOA DD09\u2010001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOA DD13\u2010003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOA DD13\u2010003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NOFO DD18\u201001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NOFO DD18\u201001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NOFO DD23\u2010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NOFO DD23\u2010001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DD001309\u201001\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DD001309\u201001\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epidemiologic data on the association between maternal fish intake and birth defects are sparse. Our objective was to assess associations between maternal fish intake and 52 different birth defects, most of which have not been assessed previously.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using logistic regression, data was analyzed for 29,242 mothers of infants with birth defects and 10,973 mothers of control infants who participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) and delivered between 1997 and 2011. We focused on associations between mothers who reported high fish intake of 2 or more servings of fish per week for the year prior to conception versus those who reported little or no fish intake and 52 birth defects. Each birth defect was analyzed separately.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among control mothers, 13.9% reported high fish intake and 31.3% reported eating very little or no fish. High fish intake was associated with lower odds of 9 birth defects (isolated heterotaxia, double outlet right ventricle transposition of the great arteries, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, Dandy Walker syndrome, holoprosencephaly, choanal atresia, cleft palate, craniosynostosis, and gastroschisis) with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) ranging from 0.32 to 0.83. An elevated association with high fish intake was observed for one birth defect (tricuspid atresia, aOR\u2009=\u20091.76; 95% CI 1.07, 2.89).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on our findings, consumption of 2 or more servings of fish per week may help to prevent certain types of birth defects. This conclusion is similar to the existing FDA (Food and Drug Administration) recommendation that women who are or can become pregnant should consume 2\u20133 servings of low mercury seafood per week. A large majority of pregnant women in this US (United States) based study did not meet the FDA recommendations for fish intake, suggesting that many of them may have benefited from increasing their consumption of seafood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T10:43:40Z","timestamp":1778064220000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Maternal Fish Intake in the Year Prior to Conception and Birth Defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997\u20132011"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Dorothy Kim","family":"Waller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0868-5097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeyu","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6406-4247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata H.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Finnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nithya Lakshmi Mohan","family":"Dass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini","family":"Nestoridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention Massachusetts Department of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4585-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia C.","family":"de Oliveira Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7845-4545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tunu","family":"Ramadhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Canfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health at UTHealth  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the National Birth Defects Prevention Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2002348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-308013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1340"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.185"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Elevated Body Mass Index and Decreased Diet Quality Among Women and Risk of Birth Defects in Their Offspring. Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular","volume":"106","author":"Carmichael S. L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Everyday Health.2025.\u201cHow Much Canned Tuna Can I Eat Every Week?\u201d August 7.https:\/\/www.everydayhealth.com\/food\u2010ingredients\/how\u2010much\u2010canned\u2010tuna\u2010can\u2010i\u2010eat\u2010every\u2010week\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.201376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08773"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqac099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114518002842"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30244"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1664"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"National Fisheries Institute.2005.\u201cThe National Fisheries Institute is a Non\u2010Profit Organization Dedicated to Education About Seafood Safety Trade Sustainability and Nutrition.\u201dTop ten list for 2010.https:\/\/aboutseafood.com\/about\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.02984.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-13-31"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/fnr.v58.23287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7032001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration.2021.\u201cAdvice about Eating Fish.\u201dwww.FDA.gov\/fishadvice."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.8.745"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)03057-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williford E. M. J. M.Scott J.Dayton et\u00a0al.2026.\u201c1997\u20132011 and the Birth Defects Study and the Birth Defects Study to Evaluate Pregnancy Exposures 2014\u20132021 Potential Risk Factors for Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return: National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997\u20132011 and the Birth Defects Study to Evaluate Pregnancy Exposures 2014\u20132021.\u201d(under review).","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70059"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.70053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bdr2.70053","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.70053","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T14:13:58Z","timestamp":1784297638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdr2.70053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdr2.70053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.70053","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-1727","2472-1727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-1727","type":"print"},{"value":"2472-1727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70053"}}