{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T04:18:45Z","timestamp":1787545125285,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019186","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Innovative Europe","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["733001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["733001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019186","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe mortality, surgical treatment, and hospitalization patterns in children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using population\u2010based data, linked to congenital anomaly registries across Europe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cohort study used nine EUROCAT registries in five countries (Denmark, Finland, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom) linked to routinely collected hospital and mortality data. Children born alive with CDH between 2005 and 2014 were included and followed until age 5 in hospital data or age 10 in death data, with the final follow\u2010up the end of 2015. Analyses were conducted for all CDH cases and separately for isolated CDH (CDH without additional major congenital anomalies). Standardized data processing and meta\u2010analysis methods were used to generate pooled estimates of mortality, surgical interventions, and hospital stays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 567 children with CDH, most were isolated CDH. First year survival was 74.5% for isolated CDH, ranging from 63% to 83% between registries. Similar survival was noted for all children with CDH. Most deaths occurred within the first week. Mortality rates plateaued after infancy, with no deaths recorded after age 5. The median age at surgery was approximately 2\u2009weeks, although this varied by region. Median hospital length of stay in infancy varied from 14 to 29\u2009days between regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In children with CDH, mortality is highest in the neonatal period, with long\u2010term survival stabilizing after infancy. No deaths occurred after age 5\u2009years. Regional differences in mortality and surgical timing highlight the value of population\u2010based, harmonized data for benchmarking and international comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:09:47Z","timestamp":1781597387000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Regional Variations in Mortality, Surgical Treatment, and Hospitalization in Children With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A European Population\u2010Based Data\u2010Linkage Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Mads","family":"Damkj\u00e6r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik H\u00f8st","family":"Meldgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Policy City St George's, University of London  London UK"},{"name":"NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Loane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life &amp; Health Sciences Ulster University  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Given","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Life &amp; Health Sciences Ulster University  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8813-1835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Ballardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ferrara, IMER Registry (Emilia Romagna Registry of Birth Defects), Department of Medical Sciences University of Ferrara  Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Cavero\u2010Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rare Diseases Research Unit Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region  Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8254-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mika","family":"Gissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Data and Analytics THL Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare  Helsinki Finland"},{"name":"Region Stockholm, Academic Primary Health Care Centre  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5691-2987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sue","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Science Swansea University  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pierini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Epidemiology of Rare Diseases and Congenital Anomalies, Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Rissmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malformation Monitoring Centre Saxony\u2010Anhalt Medical Faculty Otto\u2010von\u2010Guericke\u2010University Magdeburg  Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Congenital Anomaly Registers &amp; Information Service for Wales (CARIS), Public Health Knowledge &amp; Research, Public Health Wales  Swansea UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Garne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Lillebaelt Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research University of Southern Denmark  Kolding Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan K.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Policy City St George's, University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.09.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.029871"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2003.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16726"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2021.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-053793"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5385\/nm.2022.29.2.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2007.22.4.687"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loane M. 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