{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T13:31:19Z","timestamp":1786627879439,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#6 NH75OT000030\u201001\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#6 NH75OT000030\u201001\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) disaggregated data on vaccine coverage for pregnant people by their specific racial and ethnic identities, finding lower coverage among several subpopulations, including Puerto Rican and Haitian pregnant people. Quantitative data could not explain contexts shaping vaccine decisions; thus, MDPH partnered with Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research (TIER) to conduct a community\u2010led evaluation to understand COVID\u201019 vaccine perceptions and decision\u2010making among Hispanic\/Latina and Haitian residents pregnant when COVID\u201019 vaccine access became widespread.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The evaluation included a bilingual (English\/Spanish) survey (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200919) and in\u2010depth interviews (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098) conducted in Haitian Creole. TIER trained two community members who identified as Latina (Puerto Rican) and Haitian in evaluation methods and mentored them to collect, analyze, and interpret data, and co\u2010develop recommendations for improved community\u2010level vaccine outreach.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two\u2010thirds of participants across subpopulations (18\/27) reported receipt of at least one COVID\u201019 vaccine dose. All but one Latina survey respondent received pregnancy\u2010specific vaccine information. While 10 received information from medical providers, only three indicated that providers helped them make COVID\u201019 vaccine decisions. Most (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916) cited partners and family as helping them make vaccine decisions. In\u2010depth interviews with Haitian participants revealed concerns about the COVID\u201019 vaccine including its safety in pregnancy, faith\u2010based objections, harm to Black communities, workplace mandates, and misinformation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coupling disaggregated data with community\u2010led evaluation contextualized variations in vaccination during pregnancy. Strategies to support voluntary, informed vaccine decisions should emphasize provider communication, engage partners and families, and address concerns via trusted messengers. This replicable framework can support equitable outreach for vaccines recommended in pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T02:58:28Z","timestamp":1784602708000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contextualizing Racial and Ethnic Inequities in\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 Vaccination Uptake During Pregnancy Through a Community\u2010Led Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2126-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna M.","family":"Shephard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Family Health and Nutrition Massachusetts Department of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington  Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Posner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasha","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maudeline","family":"Auguste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini","family":"Nestoridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Family Health and Nutrition Massachusetts Department of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Col\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca C.","family":"Fauth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts Interdisciplinary Evaluation Research, Eliot\u2010Pearson Department of Child Study and Human Development Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7415-5350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahsa M.","family":"Yazdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau of Family Health and Nutrition Massachusetts Department of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-00913-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"CDC Stacks. n.d.\u201cSupplementary Table. COVID\u201019 Vaccination Coverage Before or During Pregnancy by Disaggregated Race and Ethnicity Among Completed Pregnancies Resulting in Live Birth\u2014Massachusetts May 1 2021\u2013October 31 2022.\u201dCited July 21 2025.https:\/\/stacks.cdc.gov\/view\/cdc\/133102."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Vaccines During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Chittajallu L. V. S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-024-01458-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02613-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-014247"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10050766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-98709-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.19933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000538346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"Mass.gov. n.d.\u2010a.\u201cMassachusetts Immunization Information System (MIIS).\u201dCited September 14 2025.https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/massachusetts\u2010immunization\u2010information\u2010system\u2010miis."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"Mass.gov. n.d.\u2010b.\u201cVital Records Data and Publications.\u201dCited September 14 2025.https:\/\/www.mass.gov\/vital\u2010records\u2010data\u2010and\u2010publications."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.05.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2024.104021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7239a2"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.70093","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bdr2.70093","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdr2.70093","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T12:42:42Z","timestamp":1786624962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdr2.70093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdr2.70093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdr2.70093","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2472-1727","2472-1727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2472-1727","type":"print"},{"value":"2472-1727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70093"}}