{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:06:24Z","timestamp":1790255184927,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Childhood stunting (height\u2010for\u2010age z\u2010score &lt; \u22122 SD) remains a global developmental health burden. Traditional interventions centered on nutrition and infection have reached a bottleneck. Emerging evidence identifies chronic low\u2010dose dietary environmental toxins as an independent, modifiable risk factor for early\u2010life growth restriction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review synthesizes cohort studies, meta\u2010analyses, and in\u00a0vivo toxicological models published over the past decade to characterize exposures to mycotoxins, toxic heavy metals, and food\u2010borne endocrine disruptors that are closely associated with stunting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi\u2010layered mechanisms are elucidated, including environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), intestinal barrier disruption, persistent subclinical inflammation, GH\u2010IGF\u20101 axis disturbance, gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and epigenetic alterations, which collectively impair linear growth. Critical surveillance gaps are identified, and integrated environment\u2013nutrition\u2013infection intervention strategies aligned with public health practice are proposed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dietary environmental toxins cause irreversible developmental deficits by damaging intestinal function and disrupting endocrine regulation. Strengthening developmental toxicology\u2010oriented monitoring and source control will support precise prevention of early childhood stunting within the critical first 1000\u2010day window.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:04:57Z","timestamp":1787987097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Food\u2010Borne Environmental Contaminants, Intestinal Injury, and Early Childhood Stunting: A Developmental Toxicology Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8284-244X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tian Kai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Huixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan Xia","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huixian Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing College of Henan Medical University  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing Long","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Xinxiang Henan Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi Tao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huixian Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Xinxiang Henan 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