{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:54:28Z","timestamp":1790913268442,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023340","name":"Foundation for the Sociology of Health and Illness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TPF\u201023001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TPF\u201023001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023340","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive intake of exogenous vitamin A during pregnancy has been associated with congenital malformations. This experimental study aimed to evaluate whether vitamin B12, folic acid, and L\u2010carnitine exert a protective or contributory effect on malformations induced by hypervitaminosis A.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010five healthy adult female Wistar albino rats and seven male rats were used. Pregnant rats received vitamin A alone or in combination with vitamin B12, folic acid, or L\u2010carnitine for 21 consecutive days (GD 0\u201321). At the end of gestation, neonates were evaluated for gross congenital malformations. Brain, liver, and eye tissues were excised and processed for histopathological and morphometric analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No gross external malformations were observed in any group; however, significant growth restriction and multi\u2010organ histopathological alterations were detected in the offspring. Histological examination revealed interstitial edema in brain tissue and retinal detachment in the eye. Hepatic alterations included sinusoidal dilatation, hyperchromatic nuclei, necrotic cells, and cytoplasmic degenerative changes; these lesions remained mild. Somatic and organ morphometry showed that vitamin B12 supplementation partially alleviated retinoid\u2010induced somatic growth retardation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although maternal hypervitaminosis A did not cause overt external malformations under the tested regimen, it induced multi\u2010organ histopathological damage and severe fetal growth restriction. Adjuvant supplementation, particularly with vitamin B12, demonstrated modulatory effects against retinoid\u2010induced developmental suppression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.70118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:03:36Z","timestamp":1790910216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Vitamin\n                    <scp>B12<\/scp>\n                    , Folic Acid, and L\u2010Carnitine on Congenital Malformations Induced by Vitamin A Hypervitaminosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"\u0130layda","family":"A\u00e7\u0131k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Histology and Embryology Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4382-5443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alpaslan","family":"G\u00f6k\u00e7imen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology and Embryology Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1641-6501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nur Sevim","family":"Kalkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Histology and Embryology Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Maternal olarak y\u00fcksek doz retinol asetat uygulanimini takiben si\u00e7an hipokampus ca1 hasarlanmasinin kantitatif de\u011ferlendirilmesi [Quantitative\u00a0Evaluation of CA1 Damage in Rat Hippocampus Following Maternal Administration of High Dose Retinol Acetate]","volume":"40","author":"Aktu\u011f H.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ege T\u0131p Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004\u20100191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1380"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195\u2010025\u201001768\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.119.3091.384"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.026732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3153\/FH19014"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Vitamin B12 ve n\u00f6rolojik hastaliklardaki etkisi [Vitamin B12 and Its Effects on Neurological Diseases]","volume":"1","author":"Do\u011fan M.","year":"2010","journal-title":"S\u00fcleyman Demirel \u00dcniversitesi Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bilimleri Dergisi"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"B12 vitamini ve folik asidin adipozite \u00fczerine etkisi [The Effect of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid on Adiposity]","volume":"44","author":"Ede G.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10408447909037495"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"1475","volume-title":"Silverberg's Principles and Practice of Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology","author":"Goodman Z. 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Trakya \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi Kad\u0131n Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve Do\u011fum Anabilim Dal\u0131."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5336\/pharmsci.2020\u201079883"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.3.705"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","first-page":"621","volume-title":"Pathology of the Liver","author":"Zimmerman H. 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