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Most mechanism studies of alcohol\u2010related CNS defects have been focused on the morphologically abnormal tissues, and more attention has been paid to nuclear alteration as opposed to organelle development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A mouse model of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) was used to investigate the effect of alcohol on fetal cerebral mitochondria development. Pregnant mice were given different doses of ethanol intragastrically from GD6 to GD15. Fetal cerebral mitochondria were isolated and analyzed on GD18.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Excessive cell apoptosis was found in the cerebra of prenatal alcohol exposure fetuses. Proliferation and differentiation of fetal cerebral mitochondria were inhibited by alcohol. Affected mitochondrial volume constriction and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accumulation, reduced activities of respiratory chain complex I and IV and ATP synthase were detected in the cerebral tissue without obvious malformed appearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impaired mitochondria development plays a role in the CNS defects induced by prenatal alcohol exposure. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,2]],"date-time":"2005-02-02T22:16:32Z","timestamp":1107382592000},"page":"83-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Impaired development of mitochondria plays a role in the central nervous system defects of fetal alcohol syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Yajun","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1991.tb00553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-0362(95)98055-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(94)00345-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.136.10.4448"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.138.2.764"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(80)90546-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"66","volume-title":"Mitochondrial Physiology and pathology","author":"Aprille JR","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(03)00110-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2003.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(84)90320-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(92)90086-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.66010403.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-4622(92)85006-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"688","article-title":"Mitochondrial encoding ATPase genome damage in intestinal epithelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide","volume":"18","author":"Cai Q","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(02)00069-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2728(90)90136-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022450831360"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a044987"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"359","article-title":"Quantitative and qualitative changes in the mitochondria in hepatocytes during postnatal development of male rats","volume":"17","author":"David H","year":"1979","journal-title":"Exp Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(01)65018-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of the craniofacial development of the CD\u20101 mouse fetus exposed to alcohol on gestational day eight","volume":"7","author":"Epstein DL","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-07-04007.1994","article-title":"A FCCP\u2010sensitive Ca2+ store in bullfrog sympathetic neurons and its participation in stimulus\u2010evoked changes in [Ca2+]i","volume":"14","author":"Friel DD","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)00347-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Teratogenic effects of alcohol: current status on animal research and in vitro models","volume":"78","author":"Guerri C","year":"1995","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420340304"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(96)00251-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1288"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9090","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)38816-7","article-title":"Postnatal mitochondrial differentiation in rat liver. 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