{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T20:47:39Z","timestamp":1773089259970,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,2]],"date-time":"2005-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONACyT)","award":["G38590N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G38590N"]}]},{"name":"Programa de Investigaci\u00f3n Estrat\u00e9gica en Salud Secretar\u00eda de Salubridad y Asistencia (SSA)-CONACYT","award":["MO-334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MO-334"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mexicana para Salud (FUNSALUD), Direcci\u00f3n General de Apoyo a1 Personal Acad\u00e9mico-Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de Mexico (DGAPA-UNAM)","award":["PAPIIT-IN207901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PAPIIT-IN207901"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can frequently lead to a congenital disorder known as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS); however, not all children born to alcoholic women develop FAS. Alcohol consumption may affect diverse organs and systems during embryonic development, including craniofacial structures. Small teeth, enamel alterations, and delayed eruption have been observed after ethanol exposure. Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF\u2010Rs) participate in dental proliferation and differentiation, and changes in these receptors were considered here to be a likely mechanism associated to the dental anomalies observed in this syndrome. Epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 (EGF\u2010R) and epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (erbB\u20102) immunoexpression during the lower first molar morphogenesis was investigated in mouse fetuses exposed to ethanol during gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant female mice were divided into groups, consuming either 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25% ethanol solutions, or water (control group). Heads were obtained from 16.5\u2010 and 18.5\u2010day fetuses. Immunohistochemistry was applied to EGF\u2010R and erbB\u20102.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>At days 16.5 and 18.5, fetuses from 15%, 20%, and 25% ethanol groups showed delayed differentiation, degenerative changes in dental epithelial tissues and reduced dental size; additionally, they displayed an enhanced immunoreactivity to EGF\u2010R and erbB\u20102.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that ethanol consumption during pregnancy affects the expression of EGF receptors and induces a delay in murine fetal dental morphogenesis. Dental development is a process that involves a number of growth factors; hence we consider that further research is required to show whether the changes in glycosylation and growth\u2010factor signaling pathways observed in other cells are also involved in the alterations observed in this study. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,2]],"date-time":"2005-02-02T21:16:38Z","timestamp":1107378998000},"page":"65-71","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["EGF\u2010R and erbB\u20102 in murine tooth development after ethanol 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