{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T19:41:46Z","timestamp":1774640506938,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,16]],"date-time":"2005-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1124150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isolated orofacial clefts (OFCs) are likely to be caused by gene\u2010environment interaction; therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the possible association between all maternal diseases during pregnancy and isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL \u00b1 CP) and posterior cleft palate (PCP) in the offspring.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The database of the large population\u2010based Hungarian Case\u2010Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980\u20131996, was evaluated. The database includes 1374 cases with isolated CL \u00b1 CP and 601 with PCP, plus 38,151 matched population controls (without defects) and 20,868 patient controls with other defects. Data collection was based on prospective medical records, retrospective maternal data via a self\u2010reported questionnaire, and home visits of nonresponding families.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increased risk for isolated CL \u00b1 CP was found for children born to mothers with influenza, common cold, orofacial herpes, and gastroenteritis during pregnancy. Risk for isolated PCP was increased in children of mothers with influenza, sinusitis, and bronchitis. Among chronic maternal diseases, epilepsy and angina pectoris showed a higher prevalence in the mothers of children born with isolated OFCs (cases).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some maternal diseases are risk factors for the pathogenesis of isolated OFCs. It is worth considering the prevention of possible harmful effects of influenza by vaccination during the expected epidemic period. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2005. \u00a9 2005 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,16]],"date-time":"2005-08-16T21:17:17Z","timestamp":1124227037000},"page":"617-623","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Maternal diseases and isolated orofacial clefts in Hungary"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"J\u00falia","family":"M\u00e9tneki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"Puh\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Czeizel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"Familial recurrence\u2010pattern analysis of nonsyndromic isolated cleft palate\u2014a Danish registry study","volume":"58","author":"Christensen K","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195139068.003.0006","volume-title":"Cleft lip and palate. 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