{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T08:57:47Z","timestamp":1760345867417},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,6]],"date-time":"2006-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1139184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mouse strain differences in teratologic response are well documented. However, because retinoids cause similar malformation syndromes across many species, the strain differences may be predicted to be minimal. The goals of this study were to characterize and explain the differences between the C57BL\/6N and SWV mouse strains in terms of all\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010retinoic acid (RA)\u2013induced teratologic effects at the time of gestation that cause postaxial forelimb ectrodactyly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visceral and skeletal malformations were determined by Wilson's sectioning and double\u2010staining techniques, respectively; developmental staging was performed according to the somite count; and retinoid concentrations were assessed by HPLC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6N mice were more susceptible than SWV mice to induction of embryolethality, cardiovascular defects, and forelimb ectrodactyly, whereas the opposite was true for the induction of ear, thymus, and tail agenesis, and cleft palate, gastroschisis, and anal atresia. As determined by somite counts, 1 strain intercross was developmentally advanced compared to the parental strains and the reciprocal cross. Retinoid susceptibility was equivalent between the reciprocal crosses for some malformations and determined by the maternal genotype for others. Toxicokinetic experiments showed that whole\u2010embryo peak retinoid concentrations did not differ between the strains, but the area under the curve (AUC) for all\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010RA was 1.3 times higher in C57BL\/6N than in SWV embryos.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The malformation spectrum induced by RA was strain\u2010specific, and the strain sensitivity for forelimb ectrodactyly was consistent with all previously tested teratogenic agents (i.e., C57BL\/6N was more sensitive than SWV). The strain differences in teratologic effects were not explained by developmental timing differences or toxicokinetic differences at the whole\u2010embryo level. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2006. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,7]],"date-time":"2006-02-07T00:17:01Z","timestamp":1139271421000},"page":"96-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Differential teratogenesis of all\u2010<i>trans<\/i>\u2010retinoic acid administered on gestational day 9.5 to SWV and C57BL\/6N mice: Emphasis on limb dysmorphology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"M.D.","family":"Collins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Eckhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Resnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Nau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"W.J.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20409"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"441","article-title":"Hyperthermia\u2010induced postaxial forelimb ectrodactyly","volume":"39","author":"Bennett G","year":"1989","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420370411"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2290687"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"369","article-title":"A comparative study of development during primary palate formation in A\/WySn, C57BL\/6, and their F1 crosses","volume":"6","author":"Ciriani D","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Craniofacial Genet Dev Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420440604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(89)90099-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(89)90172-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)42615-X","article-title":"Identification and quantitation of all\u2010trans\u2010 and 13\u2010cis\u2010retinoic acid and 13\u2010cis\u20104\u2010oxoretinoic acid in human placenta","volume":"31","author":"Eckhoff C","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2348941"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420030402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-0362(01)00133-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199907)60:1<13::AID-TERA6>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205016200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Differential staining of cartilage and bone in fetal mouse skeleton by alcian blue and alizarin red S","volume":"16","author":"Inouye M","year":"1976","journal-title":"Congenit Anom (Kyoto)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Experimental production of congenital malformations in strains of inbred mice by maternal treatment with hypervitaminosis A","volume":"38","author":"Kalter H","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Strain differences in malformations of the extremities of the mouse fetus caused by X\u2010radiation, hypoxia or hypervitaminosis A of the mother during pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Kameyama Y","year":"1965","journal-title":"Ann Rep Res Inst Environ Med Nagoya Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520298109067325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2004.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1967.tb01308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(95)03681-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420290314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199801)211:1<35::AID-AJA4>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612043383728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.104.038620"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"637","article-title":"In vitro metabolism of three major isomers of retinoic acid in rats. Intersex and interstrain comparison","volume":"25","author":"Marchetti MN","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9926(200010)62:4<214::AID-TERA7>3.0.CO;2-N"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-6264(69)80324-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Changes in incidence of the manifestation of anatomical variations of the vertebrae in the mouse fetus caused by X\u2010radiation or maternal hypervitaminosis A","volume":"7","author":"Ohmori K","year":"1967","journal-title":"Congenit Anom (Kyoto)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bfgp\/2.4.320"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"459","volume-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics: concepts and applications","author":"Rowland M","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420390406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2004.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420050115"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420370602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.2.10.1344"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1997.8105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612013397708"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","first-page":"23A","article-title":"Factors underlying strain difference in retinoic acid\u2010induced limb abnormalities in the AHA, RH and AP rat","volume":"42","author":"Ward SJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420300206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","first-page":"251","volume-title":"Teratology: principles and techniques","author":"Wilson JG","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199605)206:1<73::AID-AJA7>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420410410"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbdra.20232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdra.20232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T15:36:44Z","timestamp":1697470604000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdra.20232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdra.20232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdra.20232","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-0752","1542-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-0752","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-0760","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]}}}