{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:03:47Z","timestamp":1791266627924,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]],"date-time":"2007-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1194393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is well established that women who have had a pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect (NTD) have an elevated risk of a subsequent NTD\u2010affected pregnancy and that a high dose (4 mg\/day) of folic acid taken around the time of conception prevents most recurrences of NTDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed the literature to identify studies that quantify the reduction in risk if women with a prior\u2010NTD affected pregnancy consistently take folic acid before and during a subsequent pregnancy and the effectiveness of NTD recurrence prevention programs in increasing the percentage of women who consistently consume folic acid supplements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A meta\u2010analysis of randomized trials of folic acid for the prevention of recurrent NTDs indicates a 69% reduction in recurrence risk if analyzed on an intention\u2010to\u2010treat basis and an 87% reduction among those women who took supplements prior to the beginning of pregnancy. Observational studies report reductions in recurrence risk of 85% to 100% among women taking folic acid prior to subsequent pregnancies. The percentage of women who take folic acid prior to a subsequent pregnancy has been reported to vary from 33% to 85%, varying with the demographic background and the intensity of folic acid counseling efforts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Targeted folic acid information and counseling provided to women with an NTD\u2010affected pregnancy has been demonstrated to substantially reduce the risk of recurrent NTDs and is feasible to implement on a public health basis. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 79:737\u2013742, 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]],"date-time":"2007-11-07T23:47:04Z","timestamp":1194479224000},"page":"737-742","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Folic acid supplementation and neural tube defect recurrence prevention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Grosse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julianne S.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199911113412001"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","first-page":"302","article-title":"Trends in periconceptional folic acid use by relatives in Irish families with neural tube defects","volume":"94","author":"Byrne J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ir Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"Knowledge and use of folic acid supplementation: a study of Colorado women whose pregnancies were affected by a fetal neural tube defect","volume":"24","author":"Callender ES","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Folic acid awareness and use among women with a history of a neural tube defect pregnancy\u2014Texas, 2000\u20132001","volume":"51","author":"Canfield MA","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"Use of folic acid for prevention of spina bifida and other neural tube defects\u20141983\u20131991","volume":"40","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1991","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Neural tube defect surveillance and folic acid intervention\u2014Texas\u2010Mexico border, 1993\u20131998","volume":"49","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320050314"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Preventing the recurrence of neural tube defects in South Carolina","volume":"26","author":"Dean JH","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Greenwood Genet Center"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GIM.0000170998.06053.2E"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.30.10.849"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","first-page":"827","article-title":"Clinical, genetic, and epidemiological factors in neural tube defects","volume":"43","author":"Hall JG","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","first-page":"206","article-title":"Multicentric study of efficacy of periconceptional FA containing vitamin supplementation in prevention of open neural tube defects from India","volume":"112","author":"Indian Council of Medical Research","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ind J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","first-page":"980","article-title":"Etiologic heterogeneity of neural tube defects. 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