{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T03:14:56Z","timestamp":1792206896316,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,26]],"date-time":"2009-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a frequently occurring cause of neonatal respiratory distress and is associated with high mortality and long\u2010term morbidity. Evidence from animal models suggests that CDH has its origins in the malformation of the pleuroperitoneal fold (PPF), a key structure in embryonic diaphragm formation. The aims of this study were to characterize the embryogenesis of the PPF in rats and humans, and to determine the potential mechanism that leads to abnormal PPF development in the nitrofen model of CDH. Analysis of rat embryos, and archived human embryo sections, allowed the timeframe of PPF formation to be determined for both species, thus delineating a critical period of diaphragm development in relation to CDH. Experiments on nitrofen\u2010exposed NIH 3T3 cells in vitro led us to hypothesize that nitrofen might cause diaphragmatic hernia in vivo by two possible mechanisms: through decreased cell proliferation or by inducing apoptosis. Data from nitrofen\u2010exposed rat embryos indicates that the primary mechanism of nitrofen teratogenesis in the PPF is through decreased cell proliferation. This study provides novel insight into the embryogenesis of the PPF in rats and humans, and it indicates that impaired cell proliferation might contribute to abnormal diaphragm development in the nitrofen model of CDH. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2010. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,27]],"date-time":"2009-08-27T03:43:33Z","timestamp":1251344613000},"page":"15-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Early development of the primordial mammalian diaphragm and cellular mechanisms of nitrofen\u2010induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Robin D.","family":"Clugston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.83.2.338"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90589-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(71)90111-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090520203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00257.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-0674(00)00159-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/376768a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CBTO.0000021032.89969.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420340202"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000068932"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.060445"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2007.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(81)90052-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(83)90052-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-008-2138-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-002-0859-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000091608"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"The use of 5\u2032\u2010bromodeoxyuridine in the study of cell proliferation","volume":"39","author":"Hardonk MJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Histochem Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65000-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2004.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8670137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63861-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.17.2.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420460605"}],"container-title":["Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbdra.20613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bdra.20613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,21]],"date-time":"2023-11-21T13:03:25Z","timestamp":1700571805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bdra.20613"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,26]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bdra.20613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdra.20613","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1542-0752","1542-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1542-0752","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-0760","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,26]]}}}