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The potential for ACEIs and ARBs to impair fetal and neonatal renal function if taken after the first trimester of pregnancy has been well documented. Although these drugs were not found to be teratogenic in animals, until recently little was known about the teratogenic effects of ACEIs and ARBs in humans when exposure was limited to the first trimester of pregnancy. New evidence from epidemiologic studies indicates that there may be an elevated teratogenic risk when these drugs are taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. However, this elevated risk does not appear to be specific to ACEIs and ARBs, but is instead related to maternal factors and diseases that typically coexist with hypertension in pregnancy, such as diabetes, advanced maternal age, and obesity. Women who become pregnant while being treated with an ACEI or ARB should be advised to avoid exposure to these drugs during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy by switching to a different class of antihypertensive drugs between weeks 8 and 10 after conception. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:576\u2013598, 2012. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,19]],"date-time":"2012-07-19T03:25:24Z","timestamp":1342668324000},"page":"576-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Is there an embryopathy associated with first\u2010trimester exposure to angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists? 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