{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:34:18Z","timestamp":1790775258832,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,19]],"date-time":"2013-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The eye is a very complex structure derived from the neural tube, surface ectoderm, and migratory mesenchyme from a neural crest origin. Because structures that evolve from the neural tube may be affected by a folate\/folic acid (FA) deficiency, the aim of this work was to investigate whether a maternal folic acid\u2013deficient diet may cause developmental alterations in the mouse eye.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Female C57BL\/6J mice (8 weeks old) were assigned into two different folic acid groups for periods ranging between 2 and 16 weeks. Animals were killed at gestation day 17. Hepatic folate was analyzed, and the eyes from 287 fetuses were macroscopically studied, sectioned and immunolabeled with anti\u2010transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2010\u03b22 and anti\u2010TGF\u2010\u03b2RII.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice exposed to a FA\u2010deficient diet exhibited numerous eye macroscopic anomalies, such as anophthalmia and microphthalmia. Microscopically, the eye was the most affected organ (43.7% of the fetuses). The highest incidence of malformations occurred from the 8th week onward. A statistically significant linear association between the number of maternal weeks on the FA\u2010deficient diet and embryonic microscopic eye malformations was observed. The optic cup derivatives and structures forming the eye anterior segment showed severe abnormalities. In addition, TGF\u2010\u03b22 and TGF\u2010\u03b2RII expression in the eye was also altered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that an adequate folic acid\/folate status plays a key role in the formation of ocular tissues and structures, whereas a vitamin deficiency is negatively associated with a normal eye development even after a short\u2010term exposure. <jats:italic>Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:587\u2013596, 2013<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T12:18:19Z","timestamp":1444738699000},"page":"587-596","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Maternal folic acid\u2013deficient diet causes congenital malformations in the mouse eye"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Maestro\u2010de\u2010las\u2010Casas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Anatom\u00eda y Embriolog\u00eda Humana I. 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