{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:15:31Z","timestamp":1768457731724,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nonsyndromic orofacial clefting (nsOFC) is among the most common of all congenital disorders and has a genetically complex etiology. Based on embryological and epidemiological data, the phenotype can be differentiated into nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL\/P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only, with nsCL\/P being the most frequent form. Recent genetic research, predominantly performed in populations from Europe and Asia, has identified numerous genetic susceptibility loci for nsCL\/P. As only few data are available concerning genetic susceptibility to nsCL\/P in Arab populations, we investigated a newly recruited nsOFC sample from Yemen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>For each of the 15 currently known nsCL\/P risk loci, the top single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism (plus nine back\u2010up variants) were genotyped in 242 nsCL\/P cases and 420 healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010marker association analysis revealed significant associations for four loci (8q24, 9q22, 10q25, 13q31). The strongest association was for the European high risk locus at 8q24 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corrected<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20095.09 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>; heterozygous odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.74 (1.22\u20132.47), homozygous odds ratio\u2009=\u20092.47 (1.55\u20133.93). Five additional loci (1q32.2, 3q12, 8q21, 17q22, 20q12) showed nominal significance that did not withstand correction for multiple testing. Although the six remaining loci (1p22, 1p36, 2p21, 3p11, 15q22, 17p13) failed to reach nominal significance, the risk alleles were in the same direction as in the discovery studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that four of the 15 analyzed nsCL\/P risk loci which were identified in European and Asian ethnicities significantly confer risk for nsCL\/P in Arab populations. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 100:307\u2013313, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]],"date-time":"2014-03-13T13:56:41Z","timestamp":1394719001000},"page":"307-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in arab populations: Genetic analysis of 15 risk loci in a novel case\u2013control sample recruited in Yemen"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Khalid Ahmed","family":"Aldhorae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Department College of Dentistry Thamar University Thamar Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne C.","family":"B\u00f6hmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Genomics Life and Brain Center University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerstin U.","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Genomics Life and Brain Center University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahlam Hibatulla Ali","family":"Esmail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Center College of Dentistry University of Aden Aden Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nezar Noor","family":"Al\u2010Hebshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Research Laboratory Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Science and Technology Sana'a Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e4rbel","family":"Lippke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Genomics Life and Brain Center University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"G\u00f6lz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus M.","family":"N\u00f6then","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Genomics Life and Brain Center University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Daratsianos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Knapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and Epidemiology University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"J\u00e4ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Mangold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Bonn Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.580"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.20595"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-013-1283-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20659"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36141"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1289"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.23.3106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-1809.2002.00120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01676"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","unstructured":"LudwigKU B\u00f6hmerAC RubiniM et al.Strong support for association of variants around FOXE1 and orofacial clefting. 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