{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T12:08:10Z","timestamp":1782562090609,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DD000494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DD000494"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS)","award":["U01DD000494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DD000494"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It has been observed in several studies that infants with anotia\/microtia are more common among Hispanics compared with other racial\/ethnic groups. We examined the association between selected Hispanic ethnicity and acculturation factors and anotia\/microtia in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined data from mothers of 351 infants with isolated anotia\/microtia and 8435 unaffected infants from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study with an expected delivery date from 1997 to 2007. Sociodemographic, maternal, and acculturation factors (e.g., age, maternal education, household income, body mass index, gestational diabetes, folic acid, smoking, alcohol intake, study center, parental birthplace, and years lived in the United States, maternal language) were assessed as overall risk factors and also as risk factors among subgroups of Hispanics (United States\u2010 and foreign\u2010born) versus non\u2010Hispanic whites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with non\u2010Hispanic whites, both United States\u2010 and foreign\u2010born Hispanic mothers demonstrated substantially higher odds of delivering infants with anotia\/microtia across nearly all strata of sociodemographic and other maternal factors (adjusted odds ratios range: 2.1\u201311.9). The odds of anotia\/microtia was particularly elevated among Hispanic mothers who emigrated from Mexico after age five (adjusted odds ratios\u2009=\u20094.88; 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20092.93\u20138.11) or who conducted the interview in Spanish (adjusted odds ratios\u2009=\u20094.97; 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20093.00\u20138.24).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed that certain sociodemographic and acculturation factors are associated with higher risks of anotia\/microtia among offspring of Hispanic mothers. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 100:852\u2013862, 2014. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T07:53:24Z","timestamp":1406706804000},"page":"852-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Sociodemographic and hispanic acculturation factors and isolated anotia\/microtia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Adrienne T.","family":"Hoyt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch Texas Department of State Health Services Austin Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Canfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch Texas Department of State Health Services Austin Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University, School of Medicine Palo Alto California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothy K.","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kara N.D.","family":"Polen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CDC, NCBDDD Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tunu","family":"Ramadhani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Statistics Texas Department of State Health Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene T.","family":"Anderka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts State Department of Public Health Massachusetts Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela E.","family":"Scheuerle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tesserae Genetics Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the National Birth Defects Prevention Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32685"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"362","article-title":"Familial microtia in four generations with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance in association with type I syndactyly","volume":"43","author":"Balci S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.74.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-26238-5_12"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1099-9809.14.2.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20626"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20582"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Human malformations and related anomalies","author":"Carey JC","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/15.3.364"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Central Intelligence Agency. 2008. 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