{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T05:16:20Z","timestamp":1772082980448,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Approximately 6.3 million live births and fetal deaths occurred during the ascertainment period in the California Birth Defects Monitoring Program registry. American\u2010Indian and non\u2010Hispanic white women delivered 40,268 and 2,044,118 births, respectively. While much information has been published about non\u2010Hispanic white infants, little is known regarding the risks of birth defects among infants born to American\u2010Indian women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used data from the California Birth Defects Monitoring Program to explore risks of selected birth defects in offspring of American\u2010Indian relative to non\u2010Hispanic white women in California. The study population included all live births and fetal deaths 20 weeks or greater from 1983 to 2010. Prevalence ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using Poisson regression for 51 groupings of birth defects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prevalence ratios were estimated for 51 groupings of birth defects. Of the 51, nine had statistically precise results ranging from 0.78 to 1.85. The eight groups with elevated risks for American\u2010Indian births were reduction deformities of brain, anomalies of anterior segments, specified anomalies of ear, ostium secundum type atrial septal defect, specified anomalies of heart, anomalies of the aorta, anomalies of great veins, and cleft lip with cleft palate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that American\u2010Indian women having babies in California may be at higher risk for eight birth defect phenotypes compared with non\u2010Hispanic whites. Further research is needed to determine whether these risks are observed among other populations of American\u2010Indian women or when adjusted for potential covariates. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 103:105\u2013110, 2015 \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,27]],"date-time":"2015-02-27T02:33:11Z","timestamp":1425004391000},"page":"105-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Prevalence of birth defects among American\u2010Indian births in California, 1983\u20102010"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Deepa","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Birth Defects Monitoring Program; Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program; Center for Family Health California Department of Public Health Sacramento California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Warmerdam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Birth Defects Monitoring Program; Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program; Center for Family Health California Department of Public Health Sacramento California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Wyatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Birth Defects Monitoring Program; Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program; Center for Family Health California Department of Public Health Sacramento California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shabbir","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Birth Defects Monitoring Program; Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program; Center for Family Health California Department of Public Health Sacramento California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Stanford California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"869","article-title":"The validity of information on \u201crace\u201d and \u201cHispanic ethnicity\u201d in California birth certificate data","volume":"35","author":"Baumeister L","year":"2000","journal-title":"Health Serv Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1991.tb00728.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19980827)79:1<42::AID-AJMG11>3.0.CO;2-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.10.1734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20836"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.1370030609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.12083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"NorrisT VinesPL HoeffelEM.2012. The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010. 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