{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:46:23Z","timestamp":1787726783864,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]],"date-time":"2016-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>After years of periconceptional folic acid supplementation, the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) remains stable following the remarkable reduction observed immediately after the fortification practice. There is accumulating evidence that folate receptor (FR) autoimmunity may play a role in the etiology of folate\u2010sensitive NTDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2011 to 2013, 118 NTD cases and 242 healthy controls were recruited from a population\u2010based birth defects surveillance system in Northern China. Enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure FR autoantibodies in maternal and cord blood. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma FR autoantibodies levels were significantly elevated in mothers of infants with NTDs compared with mothers of healthy controls. Using the lowest tertile as the referent group, 2.20\u2010fold (95% CI, 0.71\u20136.80) and 5.53\u2010fold increased odds (95% CI, 1.90\u201316.08) of NTDs were observed for the second and third tertile of immunoglobulin G (IgG), respectively, and the odds of NTDs for each successive tertile of IgM was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.35\u20132.75) and 3.49 (95% CI, 1.45\u20138.39), respectively. A dose\u2013response relationship was found between FR autoantibodies levels and risk of NTDs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001 for IgG,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.002 for IgM). The same pattern was observed in both subtypes of spina bifida and anencephaly. No significant difference in levels of cord blood FR autoantibodies was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher levels of FR autoimmunity in maternal plasma are associated with elevated risk of NTDs in a dose\u2013response manner. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:685\u2013695, 2016. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]],"date-time":"2016-05-11T15:13:56Z","timestamp":1462979636000},"page":"685-695","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Levels of folate receptor autoantibodies in maternal and cord blood and risk of neural tube defects in a Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Child Health\/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Peking University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Child Health\/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive 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