{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T01:18:18Z","timestamp":1778289498296,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]],"date-time":"2017-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rich Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The United States Public Health Service recommends that all women of reproductive age consume 400 \u03bcg of folic acid daily to prevent major neural tube defects. Hispanics have the highest prevalence of neural tube defects compared with other race\/ethnic groups. We studied prevalence of preconception folic acid supplement use, and its association with race\/ethnicity among pregnant women in Georgia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using state\u2010wide population\u2010based data from 2009 to 2011 Georgia Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, we examined the prevalence of preconception folic acid supplement use among pregnant women aged 18 to 45 years. We conducted multivariable logistic regression and estimated adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to examine the association between race\/ethnicity and supplemental folic acid use among study participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 25% of all participants reported taking folic acid supplements daily before conception. Only 21% of Hispanic women reported preconception folic acid supplement use. Hispanic women were twice as likely to not take folic acid supplements (adjusted odds ratio = 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.35\u20133.40) compared with non\u2010Hispanic whites, after controlling for maternal age, parity, pregnancy intention, knowledge that folic acid prevents birth defects, and preconception smoking and exercise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hispanics are a growing population in the United States with an expected 14 million women of child\u2010bearing age by 2020, and the prevalence of preconception folic acid supplement use is low in this group with a high risk of neural tube defects. Promotion of voluntarily fortified corn masa flour can lower neural tube defects in Hispanics. Mandatory corn masa fortification will be a more effective public health policy.Birth Defects Research 109:38\u201348, 2017. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T08:36:42Z","timestamp":1480581402000},"page":"38-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Race and ethnicity and preconception folic acid supplement use among pregnant women in Georgia, PRAMS 2009 to 2011"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Mukhtar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Godfrey P.","family":"Oakley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Center for Spina Bifida Prevention, Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijaya","family":"Kancherla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"},{"name":"Center for Spina Bifida Prevention, Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Are women with recent live births aware of the benefits of folic acid?","volume":"50","author":"Ahluwalia IB","year":"2001","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199911113412001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089354"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S40149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-015-1705-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199911113412006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20582"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.3.536"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212243272602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Preconception and interconception health status of women who recently gave birth to a live\u2010born infant\u2010\u2010Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), United States, 26 reporting areas, 2004","volume":"56","author":"D'Angelo D","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07247-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1506575"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"Georgia Department of Public Health 2014. 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