{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:25:45Z","timestamp":1791199545700,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,5]],"date-time":"2007-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzo[\u03b1]pyrene (B[\u03b1]P) and 7,12\u2010dimethylbenz[\u03b1]anthracene (DMBA) are toxic environmental agents distributed widely. The relative deleterious effects of these agents on growth and blood vasculature of fetus and placental tissues of the rat were studied.\n                    <jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pregnant rats (Day 1 sperm positive) with implantation sites confirmed by laparotomy were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) on Pregnancy Days 10, 12, and 14 with these agents dissolved in corn oil at cumulated total doses 50, 100, and 200\u2009mg\/kg\/rat, and control with corn oil only (3\u201320 dams\/group). Fetal growth, tissue hemorrhage, and placental pathology were evaluated by different parameters on Pregnancy Day (PD) 20 in treated and control rats.\n                    <jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    DMBA was relatively more deleterious compared to B[\u03b1]P indicated by increased lethality and progressive reduction of body weight of the mother with increasing doses. At 200\u2009mg\/kg\/rat doses of these agents, maternal survival was 45% and 100% and body weight reduced 24% and 52% of controls, respectively. The fetal survival rates in live mothers were similar to that of controls. They induced marked fetal growth retardation and necrosis of placental tissues. B[\u03b1]P and DMBA produced significant toxicity to differentiating fetal blood vascular system as exhibited by rupture of blood vessels and hemorrhage, especially in the skin, cranial, and brain tissues.\n                    <jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Maternal PAH exposure induced placental toxicity and associated adverse fetal development and hemorrhage in different parts of the fetal body, in particular, marked intradermal and cranial hemorrhage, showing that developing fetal blood vasculature is a target of PAH toxicity.\n                    <jats:italic>Birth Defects Res<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>PartB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), 2007. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T02:46:33Z","timestamp":1183689993000},"page":"367-373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Deleterious effects of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon on blood vascular system of the rat fetus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Mrinal K.","family":"Sanyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You\u2010Lan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20232"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.01.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3432834"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/em.20095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"PAH in work atmospheres: occurrence and determination","author":"Bjorseth A","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02890376"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2006.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.106.032078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/226911a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2004.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920006776359310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"2620","article-title":"Environmental Protection Agency","volume":"71","author":"Federal Register","year":"2006","journal-title":"40 CFR, part 50, National Ambient Air quality Standards for particulate matter (proposed rule)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420490314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2004.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2005.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2006.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02652039309374174"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002040000171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.31.3.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2005.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.54.6.1000","article-title":"Bone marrow stromal cells constitutively express high levels of cytochrome P4501B1 that metabolize 7,12\u2010dimethylbenz[a]anthracene","volume":"54","author":"Heidel SM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"3454","article-title":"Cytochrome P4501B1 mediates induction of bone marrow cytotoxicity and preleukemia cells in mice treated with 7,12\u2010dimethylbenz[a]anthracene","volume":"60","author":"Heidel SM","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198526872.003.0004","volume-title":"Tobacco and public health: science policy","author":"Hoffmann I","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","unstructured":"HoulihanJ KroppT WilesR GrayS CambellC.2005. 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