{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:32:27Z","timestamp":1786977147074,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]],"date-time":"2012-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1336694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Atrazine (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) is a selective triazine herbicide used primarily for preemergent weed control in corn, sorghum, and sugar cane production. It is one of the most widely used herbicides in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    orth\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    merica. Some research published over the last decade suggests that chronic exposure to environmentally relevant\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    concentrations can adversely impact gonadal development and\/or sexual differentiation in amphibians and fish, while other studies report no effect, or moderate effects. As a result, contrasting conclusions have been published regarding the potential effects of the herbicide\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    on aquatic species. Two near\u2010identical 4\u2010month studies in 2009 (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    tudy I) and 2010 (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    tudy II) were performed investigating the potential for chronic\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    exposure to affect zebrafish (\n                    <jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) sexual development and differentiation. Zebrafish were chronically exposed to 0, 0.1, 1, 10 \u03bcM\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    or 1 nM 17\u00df\u2010estradiol (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2). Fish were histologically examined to assign gender and to evaluate potential impacts of E2 or\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    on gonadal development. Exposure to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2 consistently resulted in a significantly higher proportion of female fish to normal male fish when compared to unexposed fish (both studies). In both studies,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    exposure did not significantly influence the percentage of female or male fish when compared to unexposed fish. A greater percentage of abnormally developed male fish and fish lacking differentiated gonadal tissue was observed in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    tudy II\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    2 exposures but not in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    exposures. Together, these studies indicate that long\u2010term exposure to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATZ<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    at or above environmentally relevant concentrations does not significantly impact zebrafish gonadal development or sexual differentiation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.21016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]],"date-time":"2012-05-11T14:11:32Z","timestamp":1336745492000},"page":"276-288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Investigating the Impact of Chronic Atrazine Exposure on Sexual Development in Zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Margaret M.","family":"Corvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri A.","family":"Stanley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracy S.","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Kent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Feist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environment Fisheries &amp; Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane K.","family":"La Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Volz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Hosmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product Safety, Syngenta Crop Protection LLC Greensboro North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Tanguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"},{"name":"Environmental Health Sciences Center Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1897\/03-180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390490443722"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Fish species of interest. 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