{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T04:03:20Z","timestamp":1748837000146,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,13]],"date-time":"2016-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Birth Defects Research Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies have shown that<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>,<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>12<\/jats:sup>\u2010bis(<jats:italic>all\u2010trans<\/jats:italic>\u2010retinoyl)spermine (RASP), a retinoid analog, inhibits RNase P activity and angiogenesis in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane, demonstrates anti\u2010tumor activity on prostate cancer cells, and acts as anti\u2010inflammatory agent, being more effective and less toxic than all\u2010<jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>retinoic acid. In an attempt to further characterize the biological profile of RASP, we tested its effects on organ toxicity and teratogenicity by daily oral gavage of RASP at a level of 50 mg\/Kg of body weight in two generations of rats. We found that this compound does not induce changes to the body growth, the appearance of physical features, and the animal's reflexes. Additionally, no substantial histopathological lesions were found in brain, heart, lung, thymus, liver, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pituitary gland, kidneys, spleen, skin, femora, prostate, testis, epididymis, vagina, uterus, and ovaries of RASP\u2010treated animals. These results suggest RASP, as a promising lead compound for the treatment of several dermatological disorders and certain cancer types, has apparently minimal toxic side\u2010effects as revealed in this two\u2010generation reproduction study in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.21170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]],"date-time":"2016-01-14T09:15:25Z","timestamp":1452762925000},"page":"32-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Investigation on Toxicity and Teratogenicity in Rats of a Retinoid\u2010Polyamine Conjugate with Potent Anti\u2010Inflammatory Properties"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Theodoros","family":"Petridis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine University of Patras Patras Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Giannakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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