{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T13:05:30Z","timestamp":1790082330262,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,6]],"date-time":"2010-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1278374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined the histological changes by radiofrequency (RF) fields on rat testis, specifically with respect to sensitive processes such as spermatogenesis. Male rats were exposed to 848.5\u2009MHz RF for 12 weeks. The RF exposure schedule consisted of two 45\u2010min RF exposure periods, separated by a 15\u2010min interval. The whole\u2010body average specific absorption rate (SAR) of RF was 2.0\u2009W\/kg. We then investigated correlates of testicular function such as sperm counts in the cauda epididymis, malondialdehyde concentrations in the testes and epididymis, frequency of spermatogenesis stages, germ cell counts, and appearance of apoptotic cells in the testes. We also performed p53, bcl\u20102, caspase 3, p21, and PARP immunoblotting of the testes in sham\u2010 and RF\u2010exposed animals. Based on these results, we concluded that subchronic exposure to 848.5\u2009MHz with 2.0\u2009W\/kg SAR RF did not have any observable adverse effects on rat spermatogenesis. Bioelectromagnetics 31:528\u2013534, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,7]],"date-time":"2010-07-07T03:14:34Z","timestamp":1278472474000},"page":"528-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["The lack of histological changes of CDMA cellular phone\u2010based radio frequency on rat 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