{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:22:40Z","timestamp":1790209360950,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]],"date-time":"2011-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields (LF EMF) on human health are the subject of on\u2010going research and serious public concern. These fields potentially elicit small effects that have been proposed to have consequences, either positive or negative, for biological systems. To reveal potentially weak but biologically relevant effects, we chose to extensively examine exposure of immune cells to two different signals, namely a complex multiple waveform field, and a 50\u2009Hz sine wave. These immune cells are highly responsive and, in vivo, modulation of cytokine expression responses can result in systemic health effects. Using time course experiments, we determined kinetics of cytokine and other inflammation\u2010related genes in a human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP\u20101, and primary monocytes and macrophages. Moreover, cytokine protein levels in THP\u20101 monocytes were determined. Exposure to either of the two signals did not result in a significant effect on gene and protein expression in the studied immune cells. Also, additional experiments using non\u2010immune cells showed no effects of the signals on cytokine gene expression. We therefore conclude that these LF EMF exposure conditions are not expected to significantly modulate innate immune signaling. Bioelectromagnetics  33:226\u2013237, 2012. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T23:39:44Z","timestamp":1314833984000},"page":"226-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Low\u2010frequency electromagnetic fields do not alter responses of inflammatory genes and proteins in human monocytes and immune cell lines"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Bouwens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stan","family":"de Kleijn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerben","family":"Ferwerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan J.","family":"Cuppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huub F.J.","family":"Savelkoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.M. Lidy Verburg\u2010van","family":"Kemenade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2008.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20607"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.03920.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-4598(00)00128-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00796-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000293761.27219.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0fo00113a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(89)80449-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10669-007-9055-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mi.2.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/86.10.2139"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20567"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Pulsed electromagnetic fields as adjuvant therapy in bone healing and peri\u2010implant bone formation: An experimental study in rats","volume":"21","author":"Grana DR","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Latinoam"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2007.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.10062"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Effect of a wound healing electromagnetic field on inflammatory cytokine gene expression in rats","volume":"37","author":"Jasti AC","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biomed Sci Instrum"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.34.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2010.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80699-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3426.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2006.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3579943"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-0968.2004.00151.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3564.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-186X(1997)18:8<548::AID-BEM3>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-186X(1998)19:8<445::AID-BEM1>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","unstructured":"PillaAA.2006.Mechanisms and therapeutic applications of time\u2010varying and static magnetic fields. Barnes F Greenebaum B (eds.). Boca Raton FL: CRC Press. 60 pp."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2005.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2004.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp1005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-9351(03)00088-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910260208"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","first-page":"1530","article-title":"Induction of maturation in cultured human monocytic leukemia cells by a phorbol diester","volume":"42","author":"Tsuchiya S","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08540.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","unstructured":"WHO.2007.Exposure to extremely low frequency fields. International EMF Project Fact Sheet No. 322. World Health Organization: Geneva Switzerland.www.who.int\/emf(Last accessed 13 May 2011)."}],"container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbem.20695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bem.20695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,9]],"date-time":"2023-10-09T10:30:30Z","timestamp":1696847430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bem.20695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bem.20695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bem.20695","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-8462","1521-186X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-8462","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-186X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,24]]}}}